基于并联型旋转负序补偿器的同相牵引供电系统研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250159

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摘要

电气化铁路同相牵引供电系统取消了牵引变电所出口电分相,当单相牵引功率较大的交直交车型运行时往往导致电网侧公共连接点产生较大电压不平衡度。为改善这一状况,该文结合旋转潮流控制器的连续调节特性,提出一种并联型旋转负序补偿器(PRNC)拓扑电路。首先通过分析PRNC特殊接线,研究PRNC工作原理。其次结合PRNC输出的负序补偿电流特性构建同相牵引供电系统,提出基于双dq旋转坐标系锁相环的负序补偿策略,以线路电气量的正负序作为数字信号处理器输入,运算处理后输出调节信号改变PRNC移相角,大幅降低电力机车在供电线路产生的负序电流。接着针对PRNC同相牵引供电应用场景,在计算定转子绕组每相电流的基础上提出了PRNC容量设计方法。最后通过仿真和实验验证所提拓扑以及控制的有效性,结果表明同相牵引供电系统中PRNC能在恒定负载和波动负载情况下显著降低电网侧三相电压不平衡度。

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关键词 ：同相牵引供电系统, 并联型旋转负序补偿器, 负序补偿, 容量设计

Abstract：

Single-phase industrial frequency AC power supply is widely used in China's electrified railways. Negative sequence currents from electric locomotives and phase separation from phase rotation threaten the safe operation for traction power supply systems. Co-phase power supply technology can address these issues. However, most solutions are based on power electronic converters, with few studies on electromagnetic compensators for co-phase power supply. A parallel rotary negative compensator (PRNC) based on two sets of rotary phase shifting transformers (RPSTs) can output voltages with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase, offering significant cost advantages per unit capacity and showing promise for addressing negative sequence and co-phase power supply challenges in electrified railways.
The PRNC mainly consists of two RPSTs, with rotor windings connected in positive sequence and stator windings connected in negative sequence. By driving the rotor winding with a servomotor, the phase difference between the stator and rotor voltages can be adjusted. The stator voltages of the two RPSTs synthesize a series negative sequence voltage with continuously adjustable amplitude and phase, thereby adjusting the negative sequence compensation current injected by the PRNC into the line.
First, the relationship between the phase shifting angles of the two RPSTs and the negative sequence compensation current was derived based on the PRNC topology. Next, a traction substation system with co-phase power supply and a dedicated high voltage transmission line was proposed, using a single-phase transformer with a center tap on the secondary side as the traction transformer, along with centralized compensation by the PRNC at the point of common coupling (PCC). Then, two dq transformations were used to extract positive and negative sequence components of electrical quantities, calculate the set values of the two RPSTs, and control the RPSTs to reach corresponding mechanical positions to compensate for load negative sequence currents. Additionally, the PRNC equipment was designed by calculating the per phase currents of the stator and rotor windings, thereby determining the stator side capacitance and device capacity. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed topology and control strategy was verified through simulation and experimentation. The results showed that the PRNC can significantly reduce three phase voltage unbalance on the grid side under both constant and fluctuating load conditions in a co-phase traction power supply system.
The main contributions and conclusions are as follows: (1) The PRNC uses two RPSTs with rotor windings connected in positive sequence and stator windings connected in negative sequence. By adjusting the phase shifting angles, it enables continuous regulation of grid side negative sequence currents. (2) The stator side capacitance is determined based on the relationship between the compensation current provided by the PRNC and the phase shifting angle. The PRNC capacity is determined based on the maximum power of the electric locomotive. (3) The co-phase traction power supply scheme for electrified railways based on the PRNC and single-phase transformers can eliminate phase rotation and reduce three phase voltage unbalance at the PCC, offering a new solution for co-phase traction power supply systems. Future work will focus on optimizing the PRNC prototype parameters to improve its response speed and better address the time varying and impulsive nature of electrified railway loads. It is expected that these improvements will further enhance the reliability and efficiency of the co-phase power supply system in practical applications.

收稿日期: 2025-01-23

PACS:

TM922.3

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金资助项目（52207102）

通讯作者: 贾焦心男,1991 年生,博士,讲师,研究方向为电能质量分析与控制、新能源发电系统建模和控制。E-mail：jiajx33@163.com

作者简介: 颜湘武男,1965 年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源电能质量分析与控制、现代电力变换、新型储能与节能技术。E-mail：xiangwuy@ncepu.edu.cn

引用本文:

颜湘武, 李秉桢, 易兴平, 甄天泽, 于佳豪, 生涵竹, 贾焦心. 基于并联型旋转负序补偿器的同相牵引供电系统研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20250159-20250159.

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