电工技术学报  2025, Vol. 40 Issue (2): 625-639    DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231964
电器装备及智能化 |
基于可控振荡的电流注入型混合式直流断路器
裴翔羽1, 贾重霄1, 周万迪2, 谭奇福1, 李弸智2
1.长沙理工大学电气与信息工程学院 长沙 410114;
2.先进输电技术全国重点实验室(国网智能电网研究院有限公司) 北京 102209
Controllable Oscillation-Based Current Injection Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker
Pei Xiangyu1, Jia Zhongxiao1, Zhou Wandi2, Tan Qifu1, Li Pengzhi2
1. School of Electrical and Information Engineering Changsha University of Science & Technology Changsha 410114 China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Power Transmission Technology State Grid Smart Grid Research Institute Co. Ltd Beijing 102209 China
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摘要 混合式直流断路器作为柔性直流输电系统故障线路选择性快速隔离的主流技术路线,是最大程度地保障柔性直流输电系统健全和持续可靠运行的关键装备。然而,当前各类混合式直流断路器存在造价高昂的共性问题,如何提出混合式直流断路器优化拓扑,有效地降低直流断路器研制成本是改进直流开断技术的出发点和落脚点。在融合反向电流注入、故障电流转移负压构建和电压幅值可控快速提升等原理的基础上,该文提出一种基于可控振荡的电流注入型混合式直流断路器,通过可控振荡负压单元和反向电流注入辅助实现了故障电流的快速阻断。首先,研究了故障反向电流注入熄弧、电流转移负压构建和电压幅值可控快速提升等基本原理;其次,在此基础上提出基于可控振荡的电流注入型混合式直流断路器拓扑,并详细阐述了其工作原理;然后,研究了所提混合式直流断路器关键元件选型方法;最后,基于PSCAD/EMTDC对所提混合式直流断路器的有效性和适用性进行了仿真验证。
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裴翔羽
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周万迪
谭奇福
李弸智
关键词 柔性直流电网多端口混合式直流断路器电流注入可控振荡    
Abstract:As the mainstream technical route for the selective, rapid isolation of fault lines in the VSC- based DC grid, the hybrid DC circuit breaker is the key equipment to ensure the integrity and reliable operation of the VSC-based DC grid. However, high cost is a common problem in all kinds of hybrid DC circuit breakers. The optimization topology of hybrid DC circuit breakers is critical to effectively reducing the development cost of DC circuit breakers.
This paper proposes a current injection-typed hybrid DC circuit breaker based on the controllable oscillation principle is proposed. The rapid interruption of fault current is realized using a controllable oscillation negative voltage unit and reverse current injection. Firstly, the basic principles of reverse current injection for fault arc-extinguishing, negative voltage construction for the current transfer, and amplitude rapid increase of the controllable voltage are studied. Secondly, a topology of the current injection-typed hybrid DC circuit breaker is proposed, and the corresponding operation principle is described. Then, the selection method of key components of the proposed hybrid DC circuit breaker is provided. Finally, the performance of the proposed hybrid DC circuit breaker is verified with the electromagnetic transient simulation model of a ±500 kV four-terminal VSC-based DC grid.
The simulation results show that the proposed circuit breaker can interrupt the fault current within 3 ms. At t =2 s, a permanent positive pole-to-ground short-circuit fault is set to occur at the central position of the DC line Line34 in the constructed electromagnetic transient simulation model of the ±500 kV four-terminal VSC-based DC grid. The current flowing through the main branch, equal to the current idc34p flowing through the same positive-pole DC line, is approximately 2.25 kA under normal operation. When the local fault occurs, the fault transient peak current of the DC line rapidly rises to about 5.7 kA, then gradually drops to 0 with the help of the set transient breaking voltage of the energy-dissipating branch. The simulation waveform of the fault current interruption shows that the DCCB receives the relay protection action command at t =2.003 3 s, and the fault transient current reaches its peak value at about 2.005 9 s. The total breaking time of the proposed DC circuit breaker is about 2.6 ms.
Conclusions can be drawn from the simulation results. (1) A controllable oscillation negative voltage construction and rapid amplitude enhancement method is proposed, which helps to realize the rapid transfer of the fault current from the main branch to the transfer branch by establishing a conduction voltage in the transfer branch smaller than the arc voltage dropping in the fast mechanical switch of the main branch. (2) The interaction mechanism of the oscillating branch voltage and current on the rapid turning-off of the thyristor branch is revealed, which rapidly transfers the fault current from the thyristor branch to the oscillating branch. Moreover, the condition of a higher transient interruption voltage is established. (3) The transfer branch of the proposed DCCB consists of a thyristor branch and a controllable oscillating negative voltage unit module in series, which makes the DCCB economical and convenient to control.
Key wordsVoltage-source converter (VSC)-based DC grid    hybrid DC circuit breaker    current injection    controllable oscillation   
收稿日期: 2023-11-24     
PACS: TM561  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金项目(52277075)和研究生实践创新项目(CLSJCX23070)资助
通讯作者: 裴翔羽 男,1986年生,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为柔性直流电网控制与保护技术。E-mail: 646888200@qq.com   
作者简介: 贾重霄 男,1997年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为中高压直流开断技术。E-mail: 1779817744@qq.com
引用本文:   
裴翔羽, 贾重霄, 周万迪, 谭奇福, 李弸智. 基于可控振荡的电流注入型混合式直流断路器[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(2): 625-639. Pei Xiangyu, Jia Zhongxiao, Zhou Wandi, Tan Qifu, Li Pengzhi. Controllable Oscillation-Based Current Injection Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(2): 625-639.
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