潮流大范围转移下基于摆线动作特性的距离保护Ⅲ段自适应调整策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.260625

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摘要

针对大范围潮流转移易导致距离保护Ⅲ段测量阻抗侵入动作区并引发误动的问题,提出一种基于阻抗平面分区约束与摆线局部边界重构的距离保护Ⅲ段自适应调整策略。该策略以潮流转移后提取的稳定过负荷测量阻抗为整定依据,通过“阻抗分区判别+摆线圆半径约束”的两级机制,在潮流入侵侧定向构造非对称摆线动作边界,实现对原阻抗圆动作区的局部修正。当运行状态变化时,依据新的稳定过负荷阻抗重新构造边界,避免保护范围累积压缩,过负荷消除后恢复原阻抗圆动作特性。基于PSCAD高压多线路模型和IEEE 10机39节点系统进行验证。结果表明,所提策略能够避免单线路开断及连续开断场景下的距离保护Ⅲ段误动,并保持对过负荷期间后备区真实故障的正确响应。摆线动作特性的动作区面积保留率为98.21%,高于椭圆形的85.45%和双曲线的91.73%;在线路首、末端典型故障点处,最大耐受过渡电阻分别为51Ω和33Ω,与原阻抗圆一致。

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	王静薇
	李正天
	林湘宁
	武文昊
	Diaa-EldinA. Mansour

关键词 ：距离保护Ⅲ段, 潮流转移, 摆线动作特性, 局部边界重构, 抗误动

Abstract：

Large-scale power-flow transfer caused by transmission-line outages and network-topology reconfiguration can force adjacent healthy lines to carry additional power and remain overloaded. Under such conditions, the measured impedance decreases and may enter the operating region of Zone 3 distance protection, causing the overload state to be misidentified as an in-zone fault and leading to the unintended tripping of a healthy line. The resulting line outage further changes the network topology and power-flow distribution and increases the risk of subsequent cascading trips. Existing blocking schemes can prevent overload-induced maloperation, but they temporarily remove the remote backup protection function of Zone 3. Adaptive elliptic and hyperbolic characteristics exclude overload impedance by adjusting global geometric parameters, which may simultaneously contract the non-encroachment side and the near-end and far-end protection regions. Improving the anti-maloperation capability of Zone 3 under large-scale power-flow transfer while preserving backup-protection sensitivity and integrity is therefore essential for enhancing protection adaptability under complex operating conditions.
An adaptive adjustment strategy for Zone 3 distance protection based on impedance-plane partition constraints and local cycloid-boundary reconstruction was developed. The stable overload measured impedance extracted after power-flow transfer was used as the input, and a local cycloid cut-out region was dynamically constructed to reconstruct the operating boundary. The predefined impedance-plane partition was first used to determine the partition containing the overload-impedance point and its corresponding reference circle. The geometric relationship between the overload-impedance point and the reference circle was then used to calculate the theoretical radius of the cycloid-generating circle. A reliability margin and a maximum allowable radius constraint were considered to determine the practical radius. A closed cut-out region bounded by a cycloid arch and its rolling baseline was subsequently formed in a local coordinate system. When the radius constraint prevented the basic cycloid from reliably enclosing the overload-impedance point, the cycloid and its rolling baseline were translated together without changing the cycloid shape or parametric form. Finally, the local cycloid boundary was mapped to the original resistance-reactance plane through rotation and translation, and the overlap between the cycloid cut-out region and the original directional impedance circle operating region was removed to complete the reconstruction of the Zone 3 operating boundary.
A high-voltage multi-line system with three parallel main transmission corridors was established in PSCAD. Typical operating conditions, including a single-line outage, a remote single-phase-to-ground fault during overload, and successive line outages, were simulated. The results showed that the strategy reliably excluded the stable overload impedance from the adjusted operating region after power-flow transfer and maintained correct operation for an actual fault in the backup protection region during overload. Under successive power-flow-transfer conditions, the cycloid characteristic was independently reconstructed according to the newly formed stable overload impedance, thereby avoiding cumulative contraction of the protection region during repeated adjustments. The strategy was further evaluated using the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 10-generator 39-bus system. The results confirmed that the method could also prevent power-flow-transfer-induced Zone 3 maloperation in a complex meshed network.
The strategy was compared with the original directional impedance circle, a blocking scheme, and adaptive elliptic and hyperbolic characteristics in terms of operating reliability, operating-region retention rate, and transition-resistance tolerance. The original directional impedance circle was subject to maloperation under power-flow-transfer conditions, whereas the blocking scheme failed to operate for the tested remote fault during overload. The elliptic characteristic reduced part of the backup protection capability because of its global contraction. Both the hyperbolic and cycloid characteristics maintained correct operation under all tested conditions. The operating-region retention rate of the cycloid characteristic reached 98.21%, compared with 85.45% for the elliptic characteristic and 91.73% for the hyperbolic characteristic. At the tested near-end and far-end fault locations, the maximum tolerable transition resistances of the cycloid characteristic were 51 Ω and 33 Ω, respectively, identical to those of the original directional impedance circle. These results indicate that local cycloid-boundary reconstruction modifies only the impedance-encroachment side and does not cause cumulative contraction. The method prevents overload-induced maloperation while retaining most of the original operating region and the response capability for actual faults.

Key words： Zone 3 distance protection power-flow transfer cycloid operating characteristic local boundary reconstruction anti-maloperation

收稿日期: 2026-04-26

PACS:

TM773

基金资助:

湖北省中央引导地方科技发展专项（2025CSA126）和国家自然科学基金重点项目（U22B20106）

通讯作者: 王静薇女,2002年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电力系统继电保护与控制。E-mail：2311894680@qq.com

作者简介: 李正天男,1979年生,副教授,IEEE Member,研究方向为电力系统继电保护、综合能源系统及储能技术。E-mail：tianlz9806115@163.com

引用本文:

王静薇, 李正天, 林湘宁, 武文昊, Diaa-EldinA. Mansour. 潮流大范围转移下基于摆线动作特性的距离保护Ⅲ段自适应调整策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 260625-. Wang Jingwei, Li Zhengtian, Lin Xiangning, Wu Wenhao, Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour. Adaptive Adjustment Strategy for Zone 3 Distance Protection Based on Cycloid Operating Characteristics Under Large-Scale Power Flow Transfer. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 260625-.

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