一种中空短柱径向-扭转振动复合型超声波电动机

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摘要纵扭复合型超声波电动机比其他类型的超声波电动机更具低速大力矩的特点, 可实现高精度直接驱动, 可作伺服电动机使用, 适合于多种场合, 特别是航空航天等军事领域。由于纵、扭振动在定子中的传播速度不一样, 其纵、扭两相谐振频率的调谐一直是个难题。本文提出了一种新型的径向-扭转复合型超声波电动机, 利用了定子径向振动时因泊松效应产生的纵向振动, 其实质是径向振动和扭转振动的复合, 是一种变形了的纵扭复合型超声波电动机。其定子具有中空、短柱等特点, 可方便实现一阶径向振动与一阶扭转振动谐振频率的调谐及其结构等的优化。文中给出了中空短柱的电动机定子结构, 建立了径向振动的理论分析模型, 分析了其调谐原理和过程, 并结合ANSYS有限元计算实现定子结构优化设计。最后根据上述理论研制了?60mm的样机, 实现的样机性能较好, 其空载转速为25r/min, 堵转力矩为5N·m。这种超声波电动机较以往电动机具有轴向尺寸小、重量轻和无噪声等优点。

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	王剑
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关键词 ：超声波电动机, 径向-扭转复合型振子, 调谐, 中空结构, 短柱结构

Abstract：The longitudinal-torsional hybrid type ultrasonic motor offers bigger torque and lower revolution speed compared with other kinds of ultrasonic motors. It can drive devices directly and precisely, so it is adapted to many fields especially in the aeronautics and astronautics as a servo-actuator . Because spread speeds of longitudinal and torsional vibrations are different in the stator, it is difficult to match longitudinal and torsional resonant frequencies. A newly radial-torsional vibration hybrid type ultrasonic motor is put forward, with the hollow and short cylindrical structure. Utilizing longitudinal vibration derived from radial vibration by Poisson effect, it's easy to make first-order radial and first-order torsional frequencies into degeneracy. Firstly, the new motor structure and radial vibration model are established. Then the principle of degenerating is analyzed and the structure of the stator was optimized by ANSYS software. Finally a ?60mm prototype is fabricated and it performes well. The no-load velocity and maximum torque are 25r/min and 5 N•m, respectively. This kind of motor is small, light and non-noisy.

Key words： Ultrasonic motor (USM) radial-torsional hybrid vibrator degenerate hollow structure short cylindrical structure

收稿日期: 2008-06-05 出版日期: 2014-02-17

PACS:

TM356

基金资助:最后特别感谢国防科研项目对本文工作的资助！; 国家自然科学基金(60575059)和国防基础研究资助项目

作者简介: 王剑男, 1981年生, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为复合型超声波电机及其控制。郭吉丰男, 1964年生, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要研究方向为先进驱动器、超声波电机、移动机器人和振动分析与控制等。

引用本文:

王剑, 郭吉丰. 一种中空短柱径向-扭转振动复合型超声波电动机[J]. 电工技术学报, 2009, 24(10): 6-11. Wang Jian, Guo Jifeng. A Radial-Torsional Vibration Hybrid Type Ultrasonic Motor With Hollow and Short Cylindrical Structure. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2009, 24(10): 6-11.

链接本文:

http://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2009/V24/I10/6

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