抑制双馈风电场次同步振荡的储能附加无模型自适应双通道协同阻尼控制方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.260066

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摘要

随着大规模双馈风电机组经串补线路接入电网,机组与电网交互引发的次同步振荡（SSO）问题日益突出。针对现有次同步阻尼控制器（SSDC）在SSO抑制中存在模型依赖性强、动态性能与鲁棒性不足等问题,该文利用网侧储能变流器,提出一种基于无模型自适应控制的多输入单输出次同步阻尼控制器（MFAC-MISO-SSDC）。首先,利用紧格式动态线性化（CFDL）技术建立仅依赖于系统输入/输出数据的数据模型,摆脱对精确数学模型的依赖;其次,设计了一种双通道协同阻尼控制架构,将现有单通道阻尼控制扩展为有功与无功双通道协同阻尼控制,在保持数据驱动自适应能力的基础上,增强了系统阻尼调节能力与工况适应性;进一步地,理论证明了闭环系统的稳定性,并引入灰狼优化（GWO）算法对控制器参数进行整定。基于PSCAD/EMTDC的仿真结果表明,所提控制器在多种运行工况及大扰动下均能快速、平稳地抑制SSO,相比传统次同步阻尼控制器（T-SSDC）与基于无模型自适应控制的单输入单输出次同步阻尼控制器（MFAC-SISO-SSDC）,其在带宽适应性、鲁棒性和动态控制性能方面均表现更优。

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	黄玲玲
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关键词 ：双馈感应发电机, 次同步振荡, 次同步阻尼控制器, 无模型自适应控制, 储能

Abstract：

The integration of large-scale doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms into series-compensated transmission systems significantly raises the risk of sub-synchronous oscillation (SSO), which threatens power system security and operational stability. Conventional sub-synchronous damping controllers (T-SSDCs) rely on accurate mathematical models and fixed-frequency band-pass filters. However, modern power systems exhibit increasingly complex, time-varying, and nonlinear characteristics due to the high penetration of renewable energy and power electronics. This leads to model mismatches, poor adaptability under shifting oscillation modes, and even resonance issues. To overcome these limitations, this paper proposes a novel model-free adaptive control-based multi-input single-output sub-synchronous damping controller (MFAC-MISO-SSDC) integrated with a grid-side energy storage converter. The objective is to achieve effective SSO suppression without requiring a precise system model, while enhancing bandwidth adaptability, transient performance, and robustness across diverse operating conditions.
The proposed controller operates within a data-driven framework. First, the compact form dynamic linearization (CFDL) technique is adopted to establish an equivalent virtual data model that depends solely on real-time input-output measurements of the controlled system (including the DFIG wind farm, series-compensated line, and energy storage system). This completely eliminates the need for an explicit mathematical representation. Second, a dual-channel coordinated damping architecture is developed by extending the conventional single-input single-output (SISO) MFAC structure to a multi-input single-output (MISO) configuration. Specifically, the controller takes the fluctuation of the *d*-axis voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC), Δu_pd, as the sole input, and generates two independent supplementary control signals: Δi_d (active current reference adjustment) and Δi_q(reactive current reference adjustment). These signals are respectively injected into the active and reactive current inner loops of the energy storage converter, thereby enabling coordinated active-reactive damping. The pseudo-gradient (PG) vector is estimated online via a modified parameter update law with a resetting mechanism, ensuring that cross-coupling effects are automatically captured without explicit decoupling. Furthermore, an improved control criterion function is designed to achieve “on-demand injection and timely withdrawal” of damping signals. The closed-loop stability is rigorously proved using Lyapunov methods, demonstrating the uniform ultimate boundedness of tracking errors and bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stability. Key control parameters are systematically tuned using the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm under stability constraints defined by the theoretical analysis.
Extensive PSCAD/EMTDC simulations are conducted on a practical 100×5 MW DFIG wind farm with a 100 MW/200 MWh energy storage system. (1) Under continuously varying series compensation (35%-55%-75%), the MFAC-MISO-SSDC suppresses SSO within 0.5 s. (2) Across nine operating conditions (varying wind speed, compensation level, SCR, PI parameters, and number of turbines), the proposed controller consistently outperforms T-SSDC and MFAC-SISO-SSDC, achieving faster convergence and smaller overshoot, especially when the dominant SSO frequency shifts significantly. (3) Under large disturbances (three-phase fault and wind turbine tripping), the controller rapidly damps oscillations and restores stability, whereas uncontrolled cases suffer sustained oscillations.
The proposed MFAC-MISO-SSDC successfully integrates model-free adaptive control with active-reactive dual-channel coordinated damping, providing a practical and highly resilient solution for SSO mitigation in DFIG-based wind farms connected via series-compensated lines. It eliminates dependence on accurate system models, adapts online to varying operating conditions and oscillation frequencies, and delivers improved dynamic performance and robustness compared to both traditional and single-channel model-free controllers. The theoretical stability proof and GWO-based parameter tuning ensure engineering feasibility. This work offers a promising data-driven approach for enhancing the stability of high-renewable-penetration power systems.

Key words： doubly-fed induction generator sub-synchronous oscillation sub-synchronous damping controller model-free adaptive control energy storage

收稿日期: 2026-01-12

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（52177097）和上海市教委自然科学重大项目“面向大规模海上风电友好接入的海上电网规划与优化运行理论与方法”（2021-01-07-00-07-E00122）资助项目

作者简介: 黄玲玲女,1982年生,博士,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为海上风电运维技术与海上风电并网规划等。E-mail：linglinghuang82@126.com;许练楠男,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电力系统稳定性分析与控制。mail：1596191217@qq.com

引用本文:

黄玲玲, 许练楠, 付张杰, 符杨. 抑制双馈风电场次同步振荡的储能附加无模型自适应双通道协同阻尼控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 66-. Huang Lingling, Xu Liannan, Fu Zhangjie, Fu Yang. Energy Storage Supplementary Damping Control Method Based on Model-Free Adaptive Dual-Channel Coordination for Suppressing Sub-synchronous Oscillations in DFIG Wind Farms. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 66-.

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