考虑电流限幅的跟网型变流器暂态电压稳定分析与自适应电流限幅控制方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251759

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (2)

全文: PDF (3096 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

大扰动下跟网型换流器进入电流限幅控制模式后,深刻改变了新能源电源的动态特性及其端口电压的暂态特性,导致现有忽略电流限幅的新能源并网系统暂态电压失稳机理失效,难以有效指导新能源电源暂态电压稳定控制策略设计。为此,本文通过分析直流电压控制下跟网型新能源电源故障期间进入电流限幅控制后的暂态特性,揭示了电流限幅控制对新能源电源暂态电压失稳的作用机制。在此基础上,量化了系统暂态电压稳定约束下新能源电流限幅运行域,论证了以系统静稳极限相应的电流幅值作为新能源电源的电流限幅值的合理性。之后,提出了新能源自适应电流限幅控制方法,有效提升了跟网型新能源并网系统的暂态电压稳定性。最后,基于电磁暂态仿真软件PSCAD验证了所提失稳机理和控制方法的有效性。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	刘昕宇
	单永鹏
	于愉
	辛焕海
	刘灏

关键词 ：暂态电压稳定, 跟网型换流器, 电流限幅, 暂态电压稳定裕度, 自适应电流限幅控制

Abstract：

When the grid-following (GFL) converter enters the current limitation control mode under large disturbances, the dynamic characteristics of the renewable energy generator (REG) and the transient characteristics of REG’s terminal voltage is profoundly changed, which results in the invalidity of the existing transient voltage instability mechanism that ignores the current limitation control mode, making it difficult to effectively guide the design of the REG’s transient voltage stability control strategy. At present, the numerical simulation and artificial intelligence-based methods are mostly utilized to analyze the transient voltage stability of the REG-integrated system. However, the engineering experience criteria and the deep learning algorithms lack interpretability and generalization, which cannot provide the sufficiently theoretical perspectives for understanding the essence of the transient voltage collapse. To avoid the misjudgment of the transient voltage stability of the REG integrated system, it is urgent to reveal the voltage instability mechanism considering the current limitation control mode of REGs, and then propose an effective transient voltage stability control strategy. Therefore, when the REG enters the current limitation control mode under severe grid faults, the transient characteristics of the REG under DC voltage control is analyzed in this paper, and the effect of current limitation on the transient voltage stability is investigated. On this basis, the current limitation operation range of REGs under transient voltage stability constraints is quantified, and the current magnitude corresponding to the static stability limit of the system is used as the current limitation of REGs, whose rationality is demonstrated in detail. Afterwards, a novel adaptive current limitation control method based on the real-time measurement results of active power and active current is proposed, which effectively improves the transient voltage stability of the REG-integrated system. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed voltage instability mechanism and control method is validated based on the electromagnetic transient simulation software PSCAD/EMTDC.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation analysis: (1) When the GFL converter enters the current limitation control mode, its active power is independent of its active current, and both larger or smaller current limitation value may cause the active power of REGs to be less than the active power from its DC side. Therefore, the DC voltage of the GFL converter continuously increases and the grid AC voltage drop during fault recovery process, which induces the transient voltage instability. (2) The active power of the REG after entering the current limitation mode becomes larger with the increase of grid strength and the reactive power gain of REGs. Therefore, a strong grid with enough reactive power injection under large disturbances indicates that the transient voltage stability margin of the system is large. (3) When the static stability limit of a REG-integrated system is larger than the active power from DC side of REGs, the system can operate at its static stability limit under a reasonable current limitation value. On this basis, an adaptive current limitation control method is proposed to simultaneously guarantee the transient voltage stability and the transient synchronous stability of the REG-integrated system.

Key words： Transient voltage stability grid-following (GFL) converter current limitation transient voltage stability margin adaptive current limitation control

收稿日期: 2025-09-30

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（青年基金(C类)项目）（52507093）、中国博士后基金（2024M760902）、国家资助博士后研究计划（GZC20250328）和中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金（JB2025005）资助

通讯作者: 刘灏男,1985年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统广域同步相量测量技术及其应用。E-mail：hliu@ncepu.edu.cn.

作者简介: 刘昕宇男,1998年生,讲师,研究方向为新能源电力系统暂态电压稳定。E-mail：xyuliu@ncepu.edu.cn.

引用本文:

刘昕宇, 单永鹏, 于愉, 辛焕海, 刘灏. 考虑电流限幅的跟网型变流器暂态电压稳定分析与自适应电流限幅控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20251759-. Liu Xinyu, Shan Yongpeng, Yu Yu, Xin Huanhai, Liu Hao. Transient Voltage Stability Analysis of Grid Following Converters Considering Current Limitation and Adaptive Current Limiting Control Method. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20251759-.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251759 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/20251759

[1] 徐式蕴, 杨瑾瑜, 彭龙. 高渗透率光伏馈入受端电网暂态电压稳定量化评估[J].电力系统自动化, 2025, 49(09): 125-134.
Xu Shiyun, Yang Jinyu, Peng Long.Quantitative Evaluation of Transient Voltage Stability for Receiving-end Grid with High Penetration of Photovoltaic[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2025, 49(09): 125-134.
[2] Wang Guoteng, Xu Zheng, Zhang Zheren.Voltage stability analysis of power systems with a large number of non-synchronous machine sources connected[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2021, 131: 107087.
[3] 王晓辉, 党崇阳, 刘峻宇, 等. 功率因数映射负荷正反馈不稳定域的暂态电压失稳判别[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(17): 5476-5486.
Wang Xiaohui, Dang Chongyang, Liu Junyu, et al.Transient Voltage Instability Identification Based on Positive-Feedback Unstable Region Mapped by Power Factor during Load Dynamics[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(17): 5476-5486.
[4] 杨金洲, 李业成, 熊鸿韬, 等. 新能源接入的受端电网暂态电压失稳高风险故障快速筛选[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(21): 6746-6758.
Yang Jinzhou, Li Yecheng, Xiong Hongtao, et al.A fast screening method for the high-risk faults with transient voltage instability in receiving-end power grids interconnected with new energy[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(21): 6746-6758.
[5] 刘昕宇, 史兴华, 辛焕海, 等. 故障恢复期间新能源多场站系统过电压快速评估方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2023, 47(13): 168-175.
Liu Xinyu, Shi Xinghua, Xin Huanhai, et al.Fast Assessment Method for Overvoltage in Multiple Renewable Energy Station System During Fault Recovery Process[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47(13): 168-175.
[6] 舒印彪, 汤涌, 张正陵, 等. 欧洲伊比利亚半岛电网“4.28”大停电事故分析及启示[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.251539.
Shu Yinbiao, Tang Yong, Zhang Zhengling, et al. Analysis and Lessons of the April 28, 2025 Blackout in the Iberian Peninsula Power System[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.251539.
[7] 徐艳春, 蒋伟俊, 汪平, 等. 考虑暂态电压稳定的含高渗透率风光的电网动态无功规划方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42(08): 79-88.
Xu Yanchun, Jiang Weijun, Wang Ping, et al.Dynamic reactive power planning method for power grid with high permeability wind power and photovoltaic considering transient voltage stability[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42(08): 79-88.
[8] Xu Yan, Dong Zhaoyang, Meng Ke, et al.Multi-Objective Dynamic VAR Planning Against Short-Term Voltage Instability Using a Decomposition-Based Evolutionary Algorithm[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2014, 29(06): 2813-2822.
[9] 王渝红, 刘咏玥, 高仕林, 等. 数据驱动的新能源电力系统暂态电压稳定关键影响节点筛选方法[J/OL]. 高电压技术, 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241383.
Wang Yuhong, Liu Yongyue, Gao Shilin.Data-driven Approach for Identifying Key Influencing Nodes on Transient Voltage Stability of Power System with Renewables[J/OL]. High Voltage Engineering, 1-17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241383.
[10] 王长江, 尹浩帆, 姜涛, 等. 计及切换补偿的新能源电力系统暂态电压稳定评估方法[J/OL]. 电工技术学报, 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241606.
Wang Changjiang, Yin Haofan, Jiang Tao.Transient Voltage Stability Assessment Approach for Renewable Energy Power System Considering Switching Compensation[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241606.
[11] 郑乐, 胡伟, 闵勇, 等. 基于临界转变理论的电力系统电压稳定分析与预警[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2016, 36(24): 6820-6827+6937.
Zheng le, Hu Wei, Min Yong, et al. Research on Power Systems Voltage Stability Assessment and Prediction Based on Critical Transition[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2016, 36(24): 6820-6827+6937.
[12] 刘铖, 周元通, 曹志冲, 等. 基于网络无功能量最大李雅普诺夫指数的暂态电压稳定评估[J/OL]. 高电压技术, 1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241322.
Liu Cheng, Zhou Yuantong, Cao Zhichong, et al.Transient voltage stability assessment based on maximum Lyapunov exponent of network energy reactive term[J/OL]. High Voltage Engineering, 1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20241322.
[13] 左建辉, 石访, 宋雪萌, 等. 主动学习与自训练相结合的电网暂态电压稳定评估方法[J/OL]. 电力系统自动化, 1-13. DOI: https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1180.TP.20250616.1005.004.
Zuo Jianhui, Shi Fang, Song Xuemeng, et al.Transient Voltage Stability Assessment Method for Power Grids Combining Active Learning and Self-Training[J/OL]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 1-13. DOI: https://link.cnki.net/urlid/32.1180.TP.20250616.1005.004.
[14] 董靓媛, 梁纪峰, 王蕾报, 等. 基于LSTM的改进多二元表直流受端系统暂态电压稳定评估方法[J/OL]. 电气工程学报, 1-12. DOI: https://link.cnki.net/urlid/10.1289.TM.20250624.1100.002.
Dong Liangyuan, Liang Jifeng, Wang Leibao, et al.Improved Multi Binary Meter DC Receiver System Based on LSTM Transient Voltage Stability Assessment Method[J/OL]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 1-12. DOI: https://link.cnki.net/urlid/10.1289.TM.20250624.1100.002.
[15] 缪业丰, 黄栋, 王怀远. 融合关键节点信息的数据驱动暂态电压稳定性评估模型优化方法[J/OL]. 电工技术学报,1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251286.
Miao Yefeng, Huang Dong, Wang Huaiyuan.An Optimization Method for the Data-Driven Transient Voltage Stability Assessment Model Integrating Critical Node Information[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.251286.
[16] K. Kawabe and K. Tanaka. Impact of Dynamic Behavior of Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems on Short-Term Voltage Stability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2015, 30(06): 3416-3424.
[17] 赵林生, 姚骏, 王凯, 等. 基于改进戴维南等值的风电并网系统暂态电压稳定性评估方法[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 1-14. DOI: https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2107.TM.20250820.1236.014.
Zhao Linsheng, Yao Jun, Wang Kai, et al.Transient Voltage Stability Evaluation Method for Wind Power Grid-Connected Systems Based on Improved Thevenin Equivalent[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 1-14. DOI: https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2107.TM.20250820.1236.014.
[18] 钱敏慧, 李建华, 陈宁, 等. 含规模化光伏的受端电网算例场景构建及暂态电压稳定特性分析[J/OL]. 电网技术, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2025.0552.
Qian Huimin, Li Jianhua, Chen Ning, et al.Construction of Benchmark Scenarios for Receiving-End Grids with Large-Scale Photovoltaic Integration and Analysis of Transient Voltage Stability Characteristics [J/OL]. Power System Technology, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2025.0552.
[19] 程慧婕, 帅智康, 彭也伦, 等. 含异步机负荷的虚拟同步机并联系统暂态电压稳定性分析及其提升措施研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(14): 4787-4798.
Cheng Huijie, Shuai Zhikang, Peng Yelun, et al.Study on Transient Voltage Stability and Improvement Measures of Paralleled Virtual Synchronous Generators System With Induction Motors[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(14): 4787-4798.
[20] 彭龙, 徐式蕴, 杨瑾瑜, 等. 计及新能源和常规直流的受端电网暂态电压稳定实时判别[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.241957.
Peng Long, Xu Shiyun, Yang Jinyu, et al.Real-time Voltage Stability Assessment for Receiving-end Grids With Renewable Energy and LCC-HVDC Integration[J/OL]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.241957.
[21] 刘昕宇, 单永鹏, 辛焕海, 等. 基于直流电压控制的新能源并网系统暂态电压稳定性分析[J/OL]. 电工技术学报, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250731.
Liu Xinyu, Shan Yongpeng, Xin Huanhai, et al.Transient voltage stability analysis of voltage source converters integrated system under DC voltage control[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250731.
[22] 郑超, 孙华东, 杨大业. 基于广域支路响应的暂态电压失稳判据与控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(24): 9470-9481.
Zheng Chao, Sun Huadong, Yang Daye.Criterion and Control of Transient Voltage Instability based on Wide Area Branch Response[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(24): 9470-9481.
[23] Li, Yangyang, Dongfeng Yang, Chuang Liu, et al. Dynamic Reactive Power Allocation Method of Power Grid with High-Permeability PV Considering Transient Voltage Stability[J]. Energies 2024, 17, 1190.
[24] 国家市场监督管理总局,国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 19963.1—2021风电场接入电力系统技术规定[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2021.
[25] Ömer Göksu, Remus Teodorescu, Claus Leth Bak, et al.Instability of Wind Turbine Converters During Current Injection to Low Voltage Grid Faults and PLL Frequency Based Stability Solution[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2014, 29(04): 1683-1691.
[26] Li Yujun, Tang Yingyi, Lu Yiyuan, et al.Synchronization Stability of Grid-Connected VSC With Limits of PLL[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2023, 38(04): 3965-3976.
[27] 夏杨红, 孙勇, 韦巍. 光伏接入直流配电网时的功率振荡分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(23): 6814-6824+7116.
Xia Yanghong, Sun Yong, Wei Wei. Power Oscillation Analysis of PV Generators Connected to DC Distribution Network[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(23): 6814-6824+7116.
[28] Liu Hao, Bi Tianshu, Xu Sudi, et al.A Full-View Synchronized Measurement System for the Renewables, Controls, Loads, and Waveforms of Power-Electronics-Enabled Power Distribution Grids[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2022, 13(05): 3879-3890.