异构新能源多馈入系统静态电压稳定机理与量化分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.242028

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摘要

异构新能源场站的大规模并网导致系统的电压稳定形态及稳定边界发生了重大变化。为此,本文基于电压稳定边界特性构建适用于异构新能源多馈入系统的潮流数学模型,并提出一种能够反应运行状态影响的多馈入系统静态电压稳定性量化评估方法。首先分析了构网型电源无功电压响应的两阶段变化特性,基于非线性环节约束条件实现控制系统与潮流关系的解耦,揭示了构网型电源节点类型转换特性并明确了其电压支撑能力及运行边界的临界条件。其次,基于潮流雅可比矩阵自反馈项特征信息构造奇异判据,量化分析集中式和分布式异构新能源多馈入系统的送出能力及电压稳定形态。最后,从系统结构和新能源控制环节两个层面分析了影响多馈入系统静态电压稳定性的关键因素,并通过仿真验证了所提出机理与分析的正确性。研究结果表明,构网型电源的电压支撑能力存在明确的边界,且新能源的送出能力受到控制方式和运行方式的显著影响,为异构新能源多馈入系统的规划设计和运行优化提供了理论依据。

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关键词 ：静态电压稳定性, 多馈入电力系统, 异构新能源, 系统雅可比矩阵

Abstract：

With the rapid increase in the integration of heterogeneous new energy sources into the power grid, significant changes have occurred in the voltage stability characteristics and stability boundaries of the system. This shift has presented new challenges for power system stability. In response, this paper proposes a power flow mathematical model tailored for multi-feed-in systems incorporating heterogeneous new energy sources, focusing on the characteristics of voltage stability boundaries. Additionally, a method is introduced to quantitatively assess the static voltage stability of these systems under varying operational conditions.
First, the two-stage reactive power voltage response characteristics of grid-forming power sources are analyzed. By employing nonlinear constraints, the decoupling of the control system and power flow relationship is achieved. This analysis reveals the node type conversion behavior of grid-forming power sources. As a result, identifies the critical conditions for their voltage support capability and operational boundaries.
Secondly, a singularity criterion is developed from the self-feedback characteristics of the system power flow Jacobian matrix. This criterion allows for a comprehensive quantification and analysis of both the power delivery capacity and the voltage stability characteristics of the centralized and the distributed heterogeneous new energy multi-feed-in systems.
Finally, the paper investigates key factors that influence the static voltage stability of multi-feed-in systems, considering both system architecture and control methods of renewable energy. Simulation results are presented to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed analysis method.
The main contributions of the paper are as follows: (1) The voltage support capability of network-type power sources has certain boundaries, primarily influenced by the limitations imposed by the controller's clipping mechanisms. Additionally, when the voltage support capability reaches its boundary, the node type of network-type power sources will change from a PV node to a PQ node. (2) The transmission capacity of renewable energy is affected by different control strategies and operational conditions. Replacing a single grid-following station with a network-type station can improve the transmission capacity by approximately 30%. Moreover, distributed integration of renewable energy stations into the system offers enhanced transmission capacity compared to clustered integration scenarios. (3) In practical conditions, a multi-feed-in renewable energy system may become unstable before reaching the system's static voltage stability critical point. This characteristic becomes more pronounced in multi-machine, multi-feed-in systems with high renewable energy penetration. (4) The limit of the renewable energy station's transmission power exhibits a negative feedback relationship with the transmission distance and a positive feedback relationship with the voltage clipping value within the network-type power source. However, increasing the upper limit of the modulation stage will simultaneously expand the domain of system instability.

Key words： Static voltage stability multi-infeed power systems heterogeneous new energy system Jacobian matrix

收稿日期: 2024-11-12

PACS:

TM721

基金资助:

国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目资助（5100-202499006A-1-1-ZN）

通讯作者: 王彤女,1985年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制。E-mail：hdwangtong@126.com

作者简介: 肖熠涵女,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为新能源电力系统稳定分析与控制。E-mail：rwreyeewy@163.com

引用本文:

王彤, 肖熠涵, 范子宣, 王增平, 田鑫. 异构新能源多馈入系统静态电压稳定机理与量化分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 258101-258101. Wang Tong, Xiao Yihan, Fan Zixuan, Wang Zengping, Tian Xin. Static Voltage Stability Mechanism and Quantitative Analysis of Heterogeneous New Energy Multi-infeed Systems. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 258101-258101.

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