基于虚拟方波注入的五相永磁同步电机开路故障下直接转矩控制

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231718

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (4324 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract The five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has received attention in electric vehicles and marine transportation due to its more control degrees of freedom, fast response, and high torque density. The most popular control strategies are field-oriented control (FOC) and direct torque control (DTC) strategies. Compared with FOC, a switching table and two hysteresis controllers are applied in DTC to control torque and stator flux linkage. Thus, DTC has the advantages of simple structure, high torque dynamic performance, and fast dynamic response. It also has disadvantages, such as large torque and flux linkage fluctuations. Deadbeat-based DTC (DB-DTC) can solve this problem by discretizing the mathematical model to obtain the voltage vector, which can reduce the fluctuations of torque and stator flux linkage within one sampling period. However, the amplitude of reference flux linkage is usually constant in traditional DTC strategy, resulting in inefficient operation of five-phase PMSM under both healthy and open-circuit fault conditions. This paper proposes a novel DTC based on virtual square wave injection (VSWI-DTC) strategy, which can detect the optimal stator flux linkage amplitude online under healthy and open-circuit fault conditions, achieve the minimum copper loss, improve the operational efficiency, and maintain good dynamic performance.
Firstly, the model of five-phase PMSM is derived in the rotor-flux reference frame under healthy and open-circuit fault conditions, and the relationship between stator current and stator flux linkage under constant torque is deduced. Secondly, the optimal stator flux linkage detector is designed. The virtual square wave signal is injected into the stator flux linkage amplitude, which is compensated according to current amplitude variations under constant torque. Thus, online detection of the optimal stator flux linkage amplitude can be realized. Finally, combined with DB-DTC, the torque and stator flux linkage fluctuations can be reduced.
The experimental results demonstrate that VSWI-DTC has good steady-state and dynamic performance. The proposed strategy requires about 0.1 s to detect the optimal stator flux linkage amplitude, while the DTC based on virtual sinusoidal signal injection (VSSI-DTC) takes about 1 s. Most importantly, the optimal stator flux linkage amplitudes obtained by the two strategies are almost the same. In addition, the optimal stator flux linkage amplitude is almost the same under healthy and open-circuit fault conditions, while the torque reference remains invariable. When the torque reference steps, the amplitude of stator flux linkage can accurately and quickly track its reference. Therefore, the following conclusions can be drawn. (1) The proposed VSWI-DTC strategy can quickly detect the optimal stator flux linkage amplitude online without filters under healthy and open-circuit fault conditions. (2) The proposed VSWI-DTC strategy has similar dynamic performance under healthy and open-circuit fault conditions. Additionally, the torque fluctuations caused by open-circuit faults can be restrained. (3) No additional torque fluctuation and loss exist because the square wave signal injected into the stator flux linkage is virtual.

Key words： Direct torque control (DTC) five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) open-circuit fault optimal stator flux linkage virtual square wave injection

Received: 16 October 2023

PACS:

TM351

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Zhou Huawei
	Zhou Zhenwu
	Zhu Liuchuan

Cite this article:

Zhou Huawei,Zhou Zhenwu,Zhu Liuchuan. Virtual Square Wave Injection Based Direct Torque Control for Five-Phase PMSM with Open-Circuit Fault[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(22): 7073-7083.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231718 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2024/V39/I22/7073

[1] 周奇勋, 刘帆, 吴紫辉, 等. 永磁同步电机转矩与定子磁链模型预测控制预测误差补偿方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(22): 5728-5739.
Zhou Qixun, Liu Fan, Wu Zihui, et al.Model predictive torque and stator flux control method for PMSMs with prediction error compensation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(22): 5728-5739.
[2] Chen Shouchuan, Hao Xinhong, Gao Congzhe, et al.An effective nontransient active short-circuit method for PMSM in electric vehicles[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2023, 70(4): 3571-3580.
[3] 孙丹, 赵琛, 柯伟煌, 等. 基于重构电压矢量的共直流母线型开绕组永磁同步电机改进直接转矩控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(7): 1644-1653.
Sun Dan, Zhao Chen, Ke Weihuang, et al.Reconstructed voltage vector based improved direct torque control strategy for open-winding permanent magnet synchronous motor with common DC bus[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(7): 1644-1653.
[4] 陈前, 夏雨航, 赵文祥, 等. 采用无差拍电流跟踪的五相梯形反电动势永磁电机开路容错控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(2): 368-379.
Chen Qian, Xia Yuhang, Zhao Wenxiang, et al.Open-circuit fault-tolerant control for five-phase permanent magnet motors with trapezoidal back-EMF by deadbeat current tracking[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(2): 368-379.
[5] 周华伟, 叶晨, 陈铖, 等. 基于转子磁链观测器的五相容错PMSM开路故障下的无位置传感器控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(2): 422-434.
Zhou Huawei, Ye Chen, Chen Cheng, et al.Rotor-flux observer based sensorless control of five-phase fault- tolerant PMSM with open-circuit fault[J]. Transa- ctions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(2): 422-434.
[6] Saeed M S R, Song Wensheng, Yu Bin, et al. Low-complexity deadbeat model predictive current control with duty ratio for five-phase PMSM drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2020, 35(11): 12085-12099.
[7] 周长攀, 刘海峰, 景国秀, 等. 非正弦反电势五相永磁同步电机容错矢量控制[J]. 电气工程学报, 2021, 16(4): 108-119.
Zhou Changpan, Liu Haifeng, Jing Guoxiu, et al.Fault-tolerant vector control of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor of non-sinusoidal back EMF[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2021, 16(4): 108-119.
[8] 陈荣, 翟凯淼, 舒胡平. 永磁同步电机双矢量固定开关频率模型预测控制研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(14): 3812-3823.
Chen Rong, Zhai Kaimiao, Shu Huping.Predictive control of dual vector fixed switching frequency model for permanent magnet synchronous motor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(14): 3812-3823.
[9] Chen Zhiwei, Shi Tingna, Lin Zhichen, et al.Analysis and control of current harmonic in IPMSM field- oriented control system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2022, 37(8): 9571-9585.
[10] Attaianese C, D'Arpino M, Di Monaco M, et al. Model-based detection and estimation of DC offset of phase current sensors for field oriented PMSM drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2023, 70(6): 6316-6325.
[11] 宋战锋, 毛丰羽, 崔严谨, 等. 基于多级滞环控制器的表贴式双三相永磁同步电机低电流谐波直接转矩控制策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(11): 4410-4422.
Song Zhanfeng, Mao Fengyu, Cui Yanjin, et al.Low current harmonic direct torque control strategy for surface-mounted dual-three-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine based on multi-level hysteresis controller[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(11): 4410-4422.
[12] Petkar S G, Thippiripati V K.A novel duty-controlled DTC of a surface PMSM drive with reduced torque and flux ripples[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2023, 70(4): 3373-3383.
[13] Wang Wusen, Liu Chunhua, Zhao Hang, et al.Improved deadbeat-direct torque and flux control for PMSM with less computation and enhanced robust- ness[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2023, 70(3): 2254-2263.
[14] 刘国海, 孙汶超, 周华伟, 等. 五相永磁同步电机改进型无差拍直接转矩和磁链控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(24): 6658-6667.
Liu Guohai, Sun Wenchao, Zhou Huawei, et al.An improved deadbeat direct torque and flux control strategy of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(24): 6658-6667.
[15] Lee J S, Choi C H, Seok J K, et al.Deadbeat-direct torque and flux control of interior permanent magnet synchronous machines with discrete time stator current and stator flux linkage observer[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2011, 47(4): 1749-1758.
[16] 陈浩, 和阳, 赵文祥, 等. 基于占空比调制的五相容错永磁游标电机直接转矩控制[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(5): 1055-1064.
Chen Hao, He Yang, Zhao Wenxiang, et al.Direct torque control of five-phase fault-tolerant permanent magnet vernier motor based on duty cycle modu- lation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(5): 1055-1064.
[17] 阎彦, 赵梦圆, 陈志伟, 等. 辅助坐标系下永磁同步电机低载波比无差拍预测转矩控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43(2): 761-770.
Yan Yan, Zhao Mengyuan, Chen Zhiwei, et al.Low frequency ratio deadbeat predictive torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motor in auxiliary coordinate system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43(2): 761-770.
[18] Inoue T, Inoue Y, Morimoto S, et al.Maximum torque per ampere control of a direct torque-controlled PMSM in a stator flux linkage synchronous frame[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2016, 52(3): 2360-2367.
[19] Shinohara A, Inoue Y, Morimoto S, et al.Maximum torque per ampere control in stator flux linkage synchronous frame for DTC-based PMSM drives without using q-axis inductance[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Industry Applications, 2017, 53(4): 3663-3671.
[20] Shinohara A, Inoue Y, Morimoto S, et al.Direct calculation method of reference flux linkage for maximum torque per ampere control in DTC-based IPMSM drives[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2017, 32(3): 2114-2122.
[21] Liu Guohai, Yang Yuqi, Chen Qian.Virtual signal injected MTPA control for DTC five-phase IPMSM drives[J]. Journal of Power Electronics, 2019, 19(4): 956-967.
[22] 刘国海, 黄旭, 周华伟. 基于定子磁链最优的五相永磁电机直接转矩控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(20): 6119-6126.
Liu Guohai, Huang Xu, Zhou Huawei.Stator-flux optimization based DTC for five-phase permanent magnet motor drives[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(20): 6119-6126.
[23] Chen Qian, Gu Licheng, Lin Zhipeng, et al.Extension of space-vector-signal-injection-based MTPA control into SVPWM fault-tolerant operation for five-phase IPMSM[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Elec- tronics, 2020, 67(9): 7321-7333.
[24] Yoo J, Kim H S, Sul S K.MTPA tracking control of sensorless IPMSM based on square-wave voltage signal injection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2022, 37(10): 12525-12537.
[25] Wang Jun, Huang Xiaoyan, Yu Dong, et al.An accurate virtual signal injection control of MTPA for an IPMSM with fast dynamic response[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(9): 7916-7926.
[26] Zhou Xinxiu, Zhou Yongping, Wang Huijun, et al.An improved MTPA control based on amplitude- adjustable square wave injection[J]. IEEE Transa- ctions on Energy Conversion, 2020, 35(2): 956-965.
[27] Chen Qian, Liu Guohai, Zhao Wenxiang, et al.Design and comparison of two fault-tolerant interior- permanent-magnet motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2014, 61(12): 6615-6623.
[28] 刘国海, 高猛虎, 周华伟, 等. 五相永磁同步电机磁链改进型容错直接转矩控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(2): 359-365, 633.
Liu Guohai, Gao Menghu, Zhou Huawei, et al.Flux-modification-based fault-tolerant DTC for five- phase PMSM[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(2): 359-365, 633.
[29] Zhou Huawei, Xu Jinhui, Chen Cheng, et al.Disturbance-observer-based direct torque control of five-phase permanent magnet motor under open- circuit and short-circuit faults[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2021, 68(12): 11907-11917.
[30] Chen Qian, Zhao Wenxiang, Liu Guohai, et al.Extension of virtual-signal-injection-based MTPA control for five-phase IPMSM into fault-tolerant operation[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2019, 66(2): 944-955.