基于气液两相及光电离的酯基绝缘油流注放电模拟

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231528

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Abstract

In recent years, biodegradable and environmentally friendly synthetic ester insulation oils with high ignition points have received attention and extensive research, and have been applied to in-service power transformers. However, in long oil gaps, synthetic ester insulation oil is more prone to rapid streamer compared to mineral insulation oil, and rapid streamer has been proven to be one of the most critical factors leading to insulation faults in oil-immersed transformers, which limits its application in transformers at higher voltage levels. At present, research on the dielectric properties of synthetic ester insulating oils mainly focuses on experimental observation, making it difficult to observe their microscopic processes under high electric fields. In this study, based on the electrohydrodynamic model, a gas phase impact ionization term with phase transition temperature as the critical point and an ester based insulating oil streamer discharge model considering molecular ionization energy, temperature, and electric field photoionization terms were established. The streamer discharge process of ester based insulating oil was simulated, and the streamer morphology characteristics, streamer channel temperature distribution, propagation characteristics, and space charge distribution were investigated.
Firstly, the mechanism of the generation and capture of positive ions, electrons, and negative ions was explained using the convection diffusion equation. By coupling the Poisson equation with the convection diffusion equation, the process of charge movement and spatial charge distribution in synthetic ester insulating oil under the action of an electric field can be described. Secondly, collision ionization was established using the phase transition temperature of synthetic ester insulating oil as the critical point. Thirdly, a photoionization model was established that considers the correlation between molecular ionization energy, temperature, and electric field. Finally, all oil parameters are derived from the previously prepared synthetic ester insulation oil, trimethylolpropane triate (TME).
The results indicate that the large number of carriers generated by the photoionization term can cause local electric field distortion and promote the generation of dominant streamer branches, while the denser small streamer branches at the needle tip are caused by impact ionization in the gas phase region. The improved model is more in line with the observed multi branch characteristics of the streamer in terms of streamer morphology. The phase transition has almost no effect on the propagation speed of the main streamer, mainly because the development of the main streamer is controlled by photoionization and field ionization. The trend of streamer velocity change is similar to the experimental results, showing a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. The introduction of the photoionization term causes the model to generate more carriers, promoting the propagation of the main streamer. Therefore, the propagation speed of the main streamer in the original model is slower than that of the improved model under three different voltages. Moreover, at higher voltages, the main streamer propagation speed of the improved model is the first to achieve the transition from 2nd to 3rd propagation mode. Therefore, the reason for the rapid streamer of ester based insulating oils may be due to photoionization. The simulation results show that the high-temperature region is mainly concentrated at the needle tip, causing a phase transition as the temperature increases. At this time, impact ionization generates more space charges in the gas phase region. Under the action of electric field, these charges cause more disturbances at the needle tip, which may be the reason for the formation of more dense small streamer branches in the needle tip region.

Key words： Ester based insulating oil photoionization gas phase streamer discharge

Received: 18 September 2023

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TM214

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	Wang Kaizheng
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	Yu Ruilong
	Li Lulu
	Wang Feipeng

Cite this article:

Wang Kaizheng,Wang Shuaiqi,Yu Ruilong等. Simulation of Ester Based Insulating Oil Streamer Discharge Based on Gas-Liquid Two-Phase and Photoionization[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(21): 6896-6907.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231528 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2024/V39/I21/6896

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