基于PWM+移相的双有源半桥DC-DC变换器分析及其控制

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230917

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Abstract The dual-active half-bridge (DAHB) converter has the advantages of high-frequency galvanic isolation, symmetric topology, and soft-switching. It has few power devices, low count, and no dc offset current, suitable for low-power dc-dc power conversion applications. In the case of renewable energy and energy storage equipment access, the DAHB converter operates in a broad input and output voltage range, where the rough traditional single-phase shift control (SPC) strategy usually leads to high current stress and power loss. Existing DAHB multi-phase shift control has problems like inaccurate capacitor voltage calculation, complicated control algorithm, and large computational quantity. Therefore, this paper presents a three-degree freedom control (TFC) strategy based on PWM plus phase-shift concepts.
Firstly, according to the operation mechanism of the DAHB converter, the equivalent circuit is established considering the coupling relationship between the primary and secondary sides of the transformer. The accurate expression of the series capacitor voltage is derived from the voltage-second balance of inductance L and the charge balance of capacitors in the charge and discharge process. The capacitor voltage of each bridge arm is related to the transformer turn ratio n, duty cycle d₁ d₂, input and output voltage U₁ U₂, and capacitance value C_p C_s. Secondly, based on the principle of PWM and phase-shift control, 18 possible switching modes of DAHB in a wide voltage range are listed, with three control degrees of freedom (phase shift d_f, primary- and secondary-side duty cycles d₁ d₂) as variables. The optimal switching mode is chosen for minimum reactive power, and the analytical expressions of key electrical parameters are derived. Thirdly, according to the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) method, the local optimal equation containing equality and inequality constraints is established to solve the optimal control strategy. This paper adopts model simplification and linear approximation methods to solve complicated optimal equations. Using MATLAB’s ‘fmincon’ function, the optimal combination of duty cycles and phase shifts in different working conditions is obtained. Then, drawing duty cycle change curves with phase shifts under different powers, the linear fitting between d₂ and d_f is carried out. According to the current waveform characteristics, the constraint relationship between d₁ and d₂ d_f is analyzed. Thus, the analytical expression of the TFC strategy under boost and buck conditions is obtained. The optimal control strategy of the DAHB converter in the full power range consists of SPS and TFC strategies. Finally, the optimization effect and soft switching characteristics of the TFC are analyzed by PLECS simulation and a 400 W DAHB converter experiment platform.
The following conclusions can be drawn from simulation and experimental results: (1) The capacitor voltage calculation formula can accurately calculate the capacitor voltage of the DAHB bridge arm in various working conditions. The error is verified by simulation within 0.1%. (2) Compared with existing SPC and other dual-degree freedom control strategies, the proposed TFC strategy reduces the current stress and power loss of the DAHB under voltage mismatch, especially in light load. (3) The proposed strategy reduces the number of PI regulators, which is easy to implement in engineering.

Key words： DC-DC converter dual-active half-bridge (DAHB) three-degree of freedom optimal control soft switching

Received: 14 June 2023

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	Ren Qiang
	Kang Wei
	Jiang Yapeng
	Qin Zhu

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Ren Qiang,Kang Wei,Jiang Yapeng等. Analysis and Control of Dual-Active Half-Bridge DC-DC Converter with PWM Plus Phase Shift[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(15): 4830-4842.

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