Abstract Currently, the critical challenge in the practical application of wireless power transfer (WPT) technology lies in the inability to guarantee a constant voltage output and high-efficiency power transmission. Many researchers have studied these two issues. However, most focus on the constant output voltage or system transmission efficiency separately. Therefore, this paper proposes a compound control method for maximizing efficiency tracking and maintaining a constant voltage output in a WPT system. Firstly, four-switch buck-boost (FSBB) converters are added to the primary and secondary sides in a double-sided LCC compensation topology for the WPT system. The transmission power and efficiency of this structural WPT system are derived, and the compensation component parameters are analyzed. A method for optimizing the compensation component parameters is presented. Furthermore, a maximum efficiency tracking strategy is obtained by the impedance matching principle of the secondary side FSBB converter. A feedforward PI controller is designed based on the voltage gain expression of the WPT system, which controls the primary side FSBB converter to maintain a constant output voltage at the load terminals. Additionally, the mutual inductance value of the coupling coil is estimated according to the voltages and currents of each branch during the operation of the WPT system and the system's component parameters. A linear fitting method is proposed to correct the estimated mutual inductance value. Combined the maximum efficiency tracking strategy with the constant voltage control strategy, a compound control method is developed, and a flowchart of the control method is provided. Finally, the proposed compound control method is validated through experiments. Experimental results show that the average relative error of the estimated mutual inductance and mutual inductance correction is 4.74% and 0.69%, respectively. The proposed mutual inductance estimation method is verified. Regarding constant voltage output, the feedforward PI control method has a fast response speed and strong disturbance rejection compared to the traditional PI control method. Regarding maximum efficiency tracking, when the load varies within the range of 1~50 Ω, the power transmission efficiency of the WPT system remains above 80%. In conclusion, this paper studies the impact of system load and coil displacement on output voltage and energy transmission efficiency in WPT systems. A compound control method is proposed for maximum efficiency tracking and constant voltage output. The main conclusions are: (1) The characteristics of the double-sided LCC-type WPT system are analyzed, and a compensation parameter optimization design method is proposed. (2) A maximum efficiency tracking method for WPT systems is introduced, and a suitable feedforward PI controller is designed. (3) A mutual inductance estimation method is proposed for WPT systems, improving system robustness by correcting the estimation results with linear fitting. The proposed control method can be applied to static WPT occasions, such as electric bicycles, AGV vehicles, and low-speed dynamic WPT systems.
Huang Wencong,Rao Tianbiao,Jiang Xuanyan等. Maximum Efficiency Tracking and Constant Voltage Output Compound Control Method for Wireless Power Transfer System[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(12): 3589-3601.
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2024, Vol. 39 
