基于电容自然充电换相的混合式直流断路器设计与仿真

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230603

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1966 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract Hybrid DC circuit breakers based on IGBT as the main breaking device are expensive, which limits the large-scale application of hybrid DC circuit breakers. Thyristor is one of the means to reduce the cost and technical difficulty of hybrid DC circuit breaker as the main breaking device. This type of hybrid DC circuit breaker generally combines pre-charged capacitor to complete the breaking task, but the pre-charge mode of the existing structure capacitor and the maintenance of the capacitor voltage are more complicated. Therefore, this paper proposes a hybrid DC circuit breaker based on the natural charging commutation of the capacitor. The initial energy storage of the capacitor and the automatic maintenance of the capacitor voltage are realized by using the voltage difference between the DC bus and the capacitor, so as to ensure the breaking ability of the circuit breaker. After the interruption, the capacitor voltage can be recharged again whether the line fault is restored or not, which can meet the demand of secondary interruption in a short time.
Firstly, the topology and working process of the proposed topology are introduced and analyzed. According to the function of each branch, the proposed branch is named as the main branch, the transfer branch composed of thyristors, the capacitor natural charging branch, the capacitor commutation branch, the energy absorption branch. There is no charging switch in the capacitor natural charging branch, which is the key to realize the initial energy storage of the capacitor and the automatic maintenance of the capacitor voltage, also determines whether the proposed circuit breaker can successfully break the DC fault. Then the parameters of the main components in the above branches are designed, and the general principles of parameter design and the recommended range of values are given. The following two points determine whether the proposed scheme can successfully and reliably break the DC fault: (1) The peak value of the oscillating current generated by the capacitor commutation branch needs to be greater than the peak value of the fault current. (2) The diode conduction time t_D in the transfer branch needs to be greater than the thyristor turn-off time t_q.
For the benefit of verify the applicability of the proposed structure, a single-terminal and a four-terminal DC grid model are established based on PSCAD/EMTDC to simulate the unipolar metal grounding fault at the circuit breaker outlet. The simulation results show that the proposed structure can isolate the DC side fault quickly, and the number of devices is given according to the stress of the device during the breaking process. If the thyristor with a parameter of 4.5 kV/3.5 kA is selected, 3 110 thyristors are needed.
Finally, by comparing with several schemes that have been proposed, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The proposed structure replaces the more expensive IGBT with a thyristor, and the economy is improved to a certain extent, and the breaking speed is faster. (2) The initial storage of capacitor and the maintenance of capacitor voltage can be achieved without additional control and equipment. (3) After fault isolation, the capacitor can be charged again to meet the needs of repeated breaking in a short time.

Key words： Hybrid DC circuit breaker thyristors pre-charge secondary breaking capacity

Received: 01 May 2023

PACS:

TM561

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Fan Xingming
	Li Tao
	Zhang Xin

Cite this article:

Fan Xingming,Li Tao,Zhang Xin. Design and Simulation of Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker Based on Capacitor Natural Charging Commutation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(11): 3510-3521.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230603 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2024/V39/I11/3510

[1] 周孝信, 陈树勇, 鲁宗相. 电网和电网技术发展的回顾与展望: 试论三代电网[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(22): 1-11, 22.
Zhou Xiaoxin, Chen Shuyong, Lu Zongxiang.Review and prospect for power system development and related technologies: a concept of three-generation power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2013, 33(22): 1-11, 22.
[2] 张文亮, 汤涌, 曾南超. 多端高压直流输电技术及应用前景[J]. 电网技术, 2010, 34(9): 1-6.
Zhang Wenliang, Tang Yong, Zeng Nanchao.Multi-terminal HVDC transmission technologies and its application prospects in China[J]. Power System Technology, 2010, 34(9): 1-6.
[3] 李斌, 李鹏宇, 温伟杰, 等. 机械式直流断路器性能分析及谐振换流方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(9): 2139-2149.
Li Bin, Li Pengyu, Wen Weijie, et al.Performance analysis and resonant commutation method of mechanical DC circuit breaker[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(9): 2139-2149.
[4] 杨兵, 石巍, 方太勋, 等. 高压直流断路器耗能支路MOV关键技术[J]. 高电压技术, 2021, 47(9): 3208-3217.
Yang Bing, Shi Wei, Fang Taixun, et al.Key technology of MOVs in energy dissipation branch of HVDC circuit breaker[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2021, 47(9): 3208-3217.
[5] 程显, 闫冬冬, 葛国伟, 等. 基于耦合电抗器的阻容型混合直流断路器拓扑结构研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(3): 818-827.
Cheng Xian, Yan Dongdong, Ge Guowei, et al.Research on the topology of the resistance-capacitance hybrid DC circuit breaker with coupling reactors[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(3): 818-827.
[6] 李斌, 何佳伟. 柔性直流配电系统故障分析及限流方法[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(12): 3026-3036.
Li Bin, He Jiawei.DC fault analysis and current limiting technique for VSC-based DC distribution system[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(12): 3026-3036.
[7] Franck C M.HVDC circuit breakers: a review identifying future research needs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2011, 26(2): 998-1007.
[8] Hassanpoor A, Häfner J, Jacobson B.Technical assessment of load commutation switch in hybrid HVDC breaker[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2015, 30(10): 5393-5400.
[9] 江道灼, 张弛, 郑欢, 等. 一种限流式混合直流断路器方案[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2014, 38(4): 65-71.
Jiang Daozhuo, Zhang Chi, Zheng Huan, et al.A scheme for current-limiting hybrid DC circuit breaker[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2014, 38(4): 65-71.
[10] Zhou Wandi, Wei Xiaoguang, Zhang Sheng, et al.Development and test of a 200kV full-bridge based hybrid HVDC breaker[C]//2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'15 ECCE-Europe), Geneva, Switzerland, 2015: 1-7.
[11] Chen Weijiang, Zeng Rong, He Junjia, et al.Development and prospect of direct-current circuit breaker in China[J]. High Voltage, 2021, 6(1): 1-15.
[12] 石巍, 曹冬明, 杨兵, 等. 500kV整流型混合式高压直流断路器[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(7): 102-107.
Shi Wei, Cao Dongming, Yang Bing, et al.500kV commutation-based hybrid HVDC circuit breaker[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(7): 102-107.
[13] 李浩, 裴翔羽, 李泽文, 等. 具备故障电流限制能力的多端口直流断路器[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(10): 2818-2831.
Li Hao, Pei Xiangyu, Li Zewen, et al.A multi-port DC circuit breaker with fault-current limiting capability[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(10): 2818-2831.
[14] 陈宪祖. 多端口直流断路器在轨道牵引直流系统中的配置研究[J]. 高压电器, 2022, 58(9): 62-71.
Chen Xianzu.Research on configuration of multi terminal DC circuit breaker in track traction DC system[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2022, 58(9): 62-71.
[15] 韩乃峥, 樊强, 贾秀芳, 等. 一种具备限流能力的多端口直流断路器[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(17): 5172-5181, 5298.
Han Naizheng, Fan Qiang, Jia Xiufang, et al.A multi-port DC circuit breaker with current limiting capability[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(17): 5172-5181, 5298.
[16] Ye Han, Chen Wu, Pan Pengpeng, et al.A novel hybrid DC circuit breaker based on precharged capacitors[C]//2018 IEEE International Power Electronics and Application Conference and Exposition (PEAC), Shenzhen, China, 2018: 1-4.
[17] 周万迪, 魏晓光, 高冲, 等. 基于晶闸管的混合型无弧高压直流断路器[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(18): 2990-2996.
Zhou Wandi, Wei Xiaoguang, Gao Chong, et al.Thyristor based hybrid arc-less high voltage direct current circuit breaker[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(18): 2990-2996.
[18] 封磊, 苟锐锋, 杨晓平, 等. 基于串联晶闸管强迫过零关断技术的混合式高压直流断路器[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(2): 388-394.
Feng Lei, Gou Ruifeng, Yang Xiaoping, et al.Hybrid HVDC circuit breaker based on series-connected thyristors with forced zero crossing technique[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(2): 388-394.
[19] 陈晓龙, 周宁, 韩小文, 等. 一种具备自适应重合闸能力的混合式直流断路器[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46(12): 4718-4731.
Chen Xiaolong, Zhou Ning, Han Xiaowen, et al.A hybrid DC circuit breaker with adaptive reclosing ability[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46(12): 4718-4731.
[20] 司马文霞, 赵俊宁, 杨鸣, 等. 分体式能量耗散的直流线路故障快速隔离[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(增刊1): 126-133.
Sima Wenxia, Zhao Junning, Yang Ming, et al.A fast fault isolation method for DC transmission lines based on distributed energy dissipation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(S1): 126-133.
[21] 蒋纯冰, 赵成勇. 具备重合闸判断能力的电容换流型直流断路器[J]. 高电压技术, 2021, 47(9): 3254-3263.
Jiang Chunbing, Zhao Chengyong.Capacitor-commutated DC circuit breaker with reclosing judgment capability[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2021, 47(9): 3254-3263.
[22] 郭彦勋, 许壮, 王要强, 等. 适用于直流电网的晶闸管型直流断路器[J]. 高电压技术, 2023, 49(5): 2029-2037.
Guo Yanxun, Xu Zhuang, Wang Yaoqiang, et al.A thyristor-based DC circuit breaker suitable for DC grid[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2023, 49(5): 2029-2037.
[23] 温家良, 傅鹏, 刘正之, 等. EAST托卡马克大功率双向直流快速晶闸管开关可靠关断理论分析及参数优化设计[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2005, 25(14): 62-67.
Wen Jialiang, Fu Peng, Liu Zhengzhi, et al.Theory analysis and parameters optimize design of reliability turn-off of high power DC bi-directional DC fast thyristor switch in EAST Tokamak[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2005, 25(14): 62-67.
[24] Gong Zheng, Zhao Sihan, Wu Xiaojie, et al.A global fault current limiting strategy for the MMC-HVDC grid with a reduced DC reactor[J]. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2022, 140: 108088.