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| Study on Impluse Flashover Arc Observation and Post-Arc Gas Dissipation Process in the Semienclosed Chamber |
| Yuan Tao1, Yang Zewen1, Sima Wenxia1, Deng Minghai1, Ren JianXing1, Liu Liangshun2 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China;
2. Fengjie Power Supply Company of State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Co. Ltd Chongqing 404600 China |
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Abstract The multi-chamber arc-extinguishing device, which consists of multiple semienclosed chambers connected in series, protects insulators and inhibits the development of fault arcs on the distribution network lines; the current research on it mainly focuses on optimizing the structural parameters of the chamber to improve the arc-extinguishing effect. However, the comparative observation of the arc evolution and arc-extinguishing effect under different electrode structures is rarely involved. Meanwhile, when the arc is no longer glowing but its temperature is high, it’s difficult for the high-speed camera to observe the complete process of arc evolution and gas state recovery, and there is a lack of quantitative characterization of the post-arc gas dissipation process. To address these issues, a high-speed schlieren system for the semienclosed chamber has been developed. The arc evolution process of capacious air gap and semienclosed chamber with different electrodes is analyzed. And the gas density recovery and velocity field distribution are discussed by the optical flow method and the density recovery rate defined by the schlieren image data.
The observation platform for the semienclosed chamber quenching arc consists of two parts: an impulse current generator and a high-speed schlieren observation system. The impulse current generator produces an arc current with an amplitude of 2 kA waveform of 8/20 μs. Secondly, the high-speed schlieren observation system consists of a central wavelength 550 nm green light source, lenses (collimating and converging lenses), a blade, and a high-speed camera arranged coaxially. When the breakdown of air gap appears, the oscilloscope simultaneously sends a signal to trigger the high-speed camera to realize the simultaneous acquisition of current and voltage waveform data and schlieren images. As shown in Fig.3, the experimental objects are three different semienclosed chamber samples.
Arc evolution schlieren images of the semienclosed chamber connecting capacious air gap in series show that the semienclosed chamber exhibits the "arc-blowing" effect, with the arc column distributed along the upper and lower walls of the chamber and stretched outwards towards the nozzle. In Fig.4, at 106.7 μs there is no obvious arc in the chamber until 606.7 μs when the arc disappears in the open air gap, there exists a difference of 500μs compared to the arc extinguishing moment of the semienclosed chamber. The comparison of the arc form in the chamber with U-type and spherical electrodes indicates that, the arc frontal between the U-type electrodes structure overtakes the one between the spherical electrodes, with the interval gradually increasing with time. By comparing the density recovery rates at different moments in different regions and defining the gas density recovery time. The gas density recovery times in the regions tagged with 1, 2 and 3 are 1.24 ms, 4.62 ms and 5.95 ms respectively. The velocity distribution of the post-arc gas at different moments shows that the velocity vectors on both sides of the gas frontal point to the side and rear, while the other in the middle region point to the front as a whole, and there exists obvious entrainment phenomenon in the gas motion process, which approximates vortex-ring structure.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the result analysis: (1) The semienclosed chamber has an active “arc-blowing” effect compared with the open air gap, which promotes the arc to form strong convection with the external gas, enhances the arc energy dissipation, and shortens the arc-extinguishing time. (2) The transverse induced magnetic field appears when the current flows through the U-type electrodes, which accelerates the arc motion versus the spherical electrodes. In the design of the multi-chamber arc-extinguishing device, U-type electrodes will be more conducive to accelerating arc-extinguishing than spherical electrodes. (3) The gas density recovery rate in the vicinity of the semienclosed chamber outlet is faster, and where the recovery time is shorter. During the post-arc gas movement, the gas is entrained inward, which evolves into an approximate vortex-ring structure, and gets gradually separated from the gas in the vicinity of the chamber outlet, where the phenomenon promotes density recovery.
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Received: 11 November 2022
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2024, Vol. 39 
