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| Numerical Simulation and Experimental Verification of the Influences of Icing Thicknesses on Pneumatic Impulse De-Icing Effects |
| Yu Zhou, Shu Lichun, Hu Qin, Jiang Xingliang, Lei Zhengfei |
| Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China |
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Abstract With the expansion of wind farm construction in cold regions around the world, more and more attention has been paid to anti-/de-icing technologies used on wind turbine blades. The common ice protection methods for wind turbine blades mainly include super-hydrophobic coating (SHC) anti-icing method and thermal anti-/de-icing methods. However, the hydrophobic property of SHC will be weakened as the number of icing increases and the thermal methods will consume a lot of time and energy with the ambient temperature goes down. Compared with the methods mentioned above, mechanical de-icing method has better de-icing performances with lower energy consumption. Inspired by the airfoil de-icing boot, a new structured pneumatic impulse de-icing method suitable for wind turbine blade is proposed. This method uses the modified epoxy resin to pour the inflatable tube inside the protected structure. By applying an impulse of high pressure gas to produce a rapid impact force, the ice accumulated on the protected structure surface will be crushed and removed. Compared with the de-icing boot used on airfoil, the new structured pneumatic impulse de-icing method has shorter operation time and smaller surface deformation displacement.
For identifying the de-icing effects of the new structured pneumatic impulse de-icing method under different icing thicknesses, the dynamic simulation of de-icing process based on the simplified model of this new method was carried out by the commercial software Abaqus. The simulation adopted inflation pressures include 1 MPa, 1.5 MPa, 2MPa, 2.5 MPa and 3 MPa with the impulse duration is 4 ms. To verify the accuracy of simulation results, the pneumatic impulse de-icing samples were manufactured, and the icing and de-icing tests were carried out in the artificial climate chamber. The icing temperature in the climate chamber is controlled at 5℃, the wind velocity is set at 6 m/s, and the average icing thicknesses mainly include 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm.
The simulation and tests results show that: (1) With the increase of inflation pressure, the de-icing ratio of sample with 1 mm ice layer shows an increasing trend, and this is caused by the enhancement of transverse shear stress working at the ice/metal interface. (2) When the inflation pressure increases from 1.5 MPa to 3 MPa, the de-icing ratio of sample with 2 mm or 3 mm ice layer decreases firstly and then increases. The reason for the better performance using 1.5 MPa inflation pressure is that there is less cracks on the ice layer and the ice layer near the sample sides will be dragged off by the middle shed ice layer. When the inflation pressure is 2 MPa, more cracks appears, which makes it impossible to pull the ice off near the sample sides. With the inflation pressure further rises, the increase of transverse shear stress contributes more to the improvement of de-icing ratio. (3) The increase of ice thickness could reduce the surface deformation displacement and increase the de-icing ratio under low inflation pressure. This indicates that the new structured pneumatic impulse de-icing method has better de-icing effects by increasing the ice thickness during de-icing operation properly.
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Received: 06 November 2022
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2024, Vol. 39 
