风力机叶片防除冰涂层第一部分：制备及性能测试

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221777

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (0)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1248 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

Ice coating on wind turbine blades poses a serious threat to the operation safety of wind farms, resulting in loss of power generation. The super hydrophobic coating is favored by the wind power operation department due to its convenient implementation and low cost, but its application in wind turbine blades is restricted due to its poor wear and weather resistance and limited anti icing effect. This paper proposed a preparation method of superhydrophobic coating with good wear and weather resistance and conductivity, which can realize the synergistic effect of "electric heating+superhydrophobic" and greatly improve the effect of anti icing and deicing.
Carbon nanotubes are oxidized and inorganic substances are added to make them have better dispersibility in anhydrous ethanol solution. Cetyltrimethoxysilane is used to modify nanoparticles with low surface energy. Fluorocarbon resin is the most primer. Electrothermal superhydrophobic coatings are prepared by precipitation method. The hydrophobic property, electrothermal property and durability of the prepared coating were tested, and the test results are as follows:
When the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes is 16.8%, it is because the content of carbon nanotubes increases and the dispersion is not uniform enough, and the static contact angle is 148°. When the mass fraction of carbon nanotubes is 13.2%, 9.3%, 9%, 7.7% and 7%, the static contact angle of the coating is 151°~162°, and the rolling angle is 4.3°~7.6°. The square resistance test results show that the volume conductivity of the coating is 0.5~12.5 S/m, and the conductivity of the coating decreases with the decrease of the content of carbon nanotubes in the coating. The wear resistance test shows that the wear amount of the coating is very small after 160 times of wear, the conductivity decreases from 0.50 S/m to 0.48 S/m, the value basically remains unchanged, the contact angle is stable at about 158°, and the rolling angle is smaller than 5°. After 120 h UV aging, the static contact angle of the coating basically remained unchanged, and the rolling angle slightly increased, but still smaller than 10°. The acid and alkali resistance test shows that the static contact angle of the coating samples dipped in the acid rain solution with pH=5 for 14 days decreases slowly and then tends to be stable, but still bigger than 150°, and the rolling angle rises slightly but smaller than 10°. The contact angle of the sample dipped in alkaline rain solution with pH=9 decreased by 5.2° after 14 days, and the rolling angle increased slightly as acid solution eroded, but no obvious regular change was smaller than 10°. After soaking in alkaline solution, the static contact angle of the coating decreases greatly, and the corrosion ability of alkaline solution to the coating is stronger.
The coating adhesion and durability under icing environment were tested. The test results showed that the coating transverse adhesion was smaller than 38.4 kPa. After 2 days of ice coating, the static contact angle of the coating is still bigger than 150°, but the rolling angle is bigger than 10°, and the superhydrophobic property is lost. After 3 days of icing, the static contact angle decreases from 150° to 101°, and the rolling angle is bigger than 90°. After 5 cycles of "icing - deicing", the static contact of the coating drops to 150.6°, and the rolling angle is still bigger than 90°. The main reason for the significant increase of the rolling angle of the coating is the destruction of the micro nano rough structure of the coating surface by ice coating.

Key words： Wind turbine blades superhydrophobic conductive anti-icing "icing-deicing" cycle test

Received: 19 September 2022

PACS:

TM242

	Service

	E-mail this article ”. Please open it by linking:https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/abstract/abstract8997.shtml" name="neirong">
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Hu Qin
	Zhu Maolin
	Shu Lichun
	Jiang Xingliang
	Li Chao

Cite this article:

Hu Qin,Zhu Maolin,Shu Lichun等. Anti-Icing Coatings for Wind Turbine Blades Part 1: Preparation and Performance Testing[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 221777-221777.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221777 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y0/V/I/221777

[1] 胡琴, 杨大川, 蒋兴良, 等. 叶片模拟冰对风力发电机功率特性影响的试验研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(22): 4807-4815.
Hu Qin, Yang Dachuan, Jiang Xingliang, et al.Experimental study on the effect of blade simulated icing on power characteristics of wind turbine[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(22): 4807-4815.
[2] 舒立春, 梁健, 胡琴, 等. 旋转风力机的水滴撞击特性与雾凇模拟[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(4): 800-807.
Shu Lichun, Liang Jian, Hu Qin, et al.Droplet impingement characteristics and rime ice accretion of rotating wind turbine[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(4): 800-807.
[3] Barker A, Timco G, Gravesen H, et al.Ice loading on Danish wind turbines part 1: dynamic model tests[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2005, 41(1): 1-23.
[4] Gravesen H, Sørensen S L, Vølund P, et al.Ice loading on Danish wind turbines: part 2. Analyses of dynamic model test results[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2005, 41(1): 25-47.
[5] Lehtomäki V, Rissanen S, Wadham-Gagnon M, et al.Fatigue loads of iced turbines: two case studies[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2016, 158: 37-50.
[6] 舒立春, 杨晨, 胡琴, 等. 风力发电机叶片加热循环控制除冰数值仿真研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(24): 7149-7155, 7441.
Shu Lichun, Yang Chen, Hu Qin, et al.The numerical study of electrothermal de-icing cycle controlled method for wind turbine blades[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(24): 7149-7155, 7441.
[7] 李剑, 王湘雯, 黄正勇, 等. 超疏水绝缘涂层制备与防冰、防污研究现状[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(16): 61-75.
Li Jian, Wang Xiangwen, Huang Zhengyong, et al.Research of preparation, anti-icing and anti-pollution of super hydrophobic insulation coatings[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32(16): 61-75.
[8] 张迅, 曾华荣, 田承越, 等. 大气压等离子体制备超疏水表面及其防冰抑霜研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(24): 5289-5296.
Zhang Xun, Zeng Huarong, Tian Chengyue, et al.Super-hydrophobic surface prepared by atmospheric-pressure plasma and its anti-icing, anti-frosting performance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(24): 5289-5296.
[9] 陈威, 杨建军, 肖智龙, 等. 风电叶片除冰改造表面走线对气动性能影响研究[J]. 科技资讯, 2018, 16(24): 89-91, 93.
[10] 许文杰, 黄正勇, 李剑, 等. 碳化硅改性超疏水涂层协同增强直流沿面闪络性能及机理研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(9): 2480-2490.
Xu Wenjie, Huang Zhengyong, Li Jian, et al.Study on the synergistic enhancement of the DC surface flashover performance and the mechanism of the superhydrophobic coating modified by silicon carbide[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(9): 2480-2490.
[11] 郑晓光, 丁云飞, 吴会军. 热处理后激光刻蚀铝合金表面润湿性的研究[J]. 激光与光电子学进展, 2020, 57(15): 149-156.
Zheng Xiaoguang, Ding Yunfei, Wu Huijun.Surface wettability of aluminum alloy surface by laser etching after heat treatment[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(15): 149-156.
[12] 李萌萌. 利用小分子有机胺催化制备纳米二氧化硅颗粒并构筑超亲水/超疏水表面[D]. 开封: 河南大学, 2014.
[13] Rajiv S, Kumaran S, Sathish M.Long-term-durable anti-icing superhydrophobic composite coatings[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2019, 136(7): 47059.
[14] 高濂, 刘阳桥. 碳纳米管的分散及表面改性[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2005, 24(5): 114-119.
Gao Lian, Liu Yangqiao.Dispersion and surface modification of carbon nanotubes[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Cerrmic Society, 2005, 24(5): 114-119.
[15] 凌菁. 超疏水表面的喷涂法制备研究[D]. 兰州: 西北师范大学, 2015.
[16] 秦文峰, 游文涛, 钟勉, 等. 碳纳米管薄膜电热特性及其除冰性能[J]. 宇航材料工艺, 2019, 49(1): 86-90.
Qin Wenfeng, You Wentao, Zhong Mian, et al.Electrothermal energy and deicing properties of carbon nanotube films[J]. Aerospace Materials & Technology, 2019, 49(1): 86-90.
[17] Kim G M, Naeem F, Kim H K, et al.Heating and heat-dependent mechanical characteristics of CNT-embedded cementitious composites[J]. Composite Structures, 2016, 136: 162-170.
[18] 赵利, 张丽东, 徐文华, 等. 碳纳米管超疏水表面的研究进展[J]. 化工新型材料, 2013, 41(3): 155-157.
Zhao Li, Zhang Lidong, Xu Wenhua, et al.Research progress in preparing of superhydrophobic surface by carbon nanotubes[J]. New Chemical Materials, 2013, 41(3): 155-157.
[19] Zaferani S H, Peikari M, Zaarei D, et al.Using silane films to produce an alternative for chromate conversion coatings[J]. Corrosion, 2013, 69(4): 372-387.
[20] 王闯, 赵朗, 贾静, 等. 混酸功能化碳纳米管掺杂对环氧树脂导电和导热性能的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(增刊2): 457-464.
Wang Chuang, Zhao Lang, Jia Jing, et al.Effects of mixed acid functionalization on electric and thermal conductivities of carbon nanotube/epoxy resin composites[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(S2): 457-464.
[21] International Organization for Standardization. Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys - measurement of abrasion resistance of anodic oxidation coatings: ISO 8251:2018[S]. ISO, 2018.
[22] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 机械工业产品用塑料、涂料、橡胶材料人工气候老化试验方法荧光紫外灯: GB/T 14522—2008[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2009.
[23] 国家标准局. 色漆和清漆耐液体介质的测定: GB/T 9274—1988[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 1988.
[24] 蒋兴良, 周洪宇, 何凯, 等. 风机叶片运用超疏水涂层防覆冰的性能衰减[J]. 高电压技术, 2019, 45(1): 167-172.
Jiang Xingliang, Zhou Hongyu, He Kai, et al.Anti-icing performance degradation for wind blades with superhydrophobic coatings[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2019, 45(1): 167-172.
[25] IEEE Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation Society. IEEE guide for test methods and procedures to evaluate the electrical performance of insulators in freezing conditions: IEEE 1783—2009[S]. IEEE, 2009.
[26] 姚继莎. 自然环境中复合绝缘子憎水性变化特性及机理的研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2006.
[27] Kirkpatrick S.Percolation and conduction[J]. Reviews of Modern Physics, 1973, 45(4): 574-588.
[28] 梁远禄, 彩雷洲, 赵立东. 紫外老化对树脂沥青混合料性能影响[J]. 公路, 2019, 64(6): 252-255.