面向含不可测分支配电线路不对称故障可靠辨识的负序电流比相保护判据

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.212083

Abstract
Figure/Table
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1065 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract The remarkable evolution in the urban distribution networks highlights its active-distribution-characteristic. And the number of distribution feeders with unmeasurable branch structures increases greatly. To adapt to this feature, the performance of non-unit protection degrades to a great extent. For particularly important feeders, pilot protection is urgently needed to ensure the reliability and sensitivity of fault removal. Due to the differential characteristics of branch current, phasor differential protection is not applicable in principle. The pilot distance protection and directional comparison pilot protection both require voltage information while Potential Transformers (PTs) are not available for the protection of distribution network. In addition, both factors mentioned above make it difficult to analyze the action behavior of protection. Therefore, it is of great significance to design a new pilot protection criterion.
Firstly, the influence of unmeasurable branches is fully considered, and the idea of using only the phase difference of negative sequence current, the fault component that always exists during the asymmetric fault, to reflect the fault is proposed. Next, considering the passive property equivalence of motor type distributed generation (DG) and inverter type DG in negative sequence network, the phase comparison range of negative sequence current on both sides of the line in case of internal fault and external fault is analyzed respectively, and the difference between them is plotted in the phase comparison plane. Finally, based on this difference, the negative sequence phase comparison criterion of each level of line is set, and combined with the auxiliary criterion of negative sequence current check, a negative sequence current phase comparison protection suitable for branched distribution network line is constructed.
Simulation results of a 10 kV distribution network model in PSCAD/EMTDC show that the data processing time required for protection is about 20 ms. This meets the requirements of distribution network differential protection. For six typical locations f₁~f₆, and different types of asymmetric faults, phase to phase fault and two-phase grounding fault, the proposed negative sequence phase comparison protection does not mis-operate when external fault (f₁, f₅, f₆). It acts correctly when internal fault (f₂, f₃, f₄), which is not affected by transition resistance and has high sensitivity. When the branch property (inductive, resistive) and capacity (0.8~1.5 MV·A) change, the protection can act correctly. Compared with the existing amplitude differential protection with branches, the proposed criterion does not rely on a priori condition and can be applied to the active distribution network with flexible operation modes, such as downstream load is lost and the downstream load proportion is small, without mal-operation.
The following conclusions can be drawn through simulation analysis: (1) The proposed protection has good rapidity, which can provide rapid protection for the branched distribution network. (2) By simulating the resistive and inductive properties of unmeasurable branch loads and possible fluctuations in real systems, it is verified that the proposed criterion can effectively deal with the distribution network with unmeasurable branches. The protection has clear action boundary, good selectivity and high sensitivity. (3) Compared with the existing amplitude differential protection considering unmeasurable branches, the proposed criterion is not subject to the prior conditions such as the proportion of new energy not exceeding 25%. It has good adaptability to the flexible operation mode of active distribution network and has advantages in security.
In the appendix, the design of criterion margin angle considering frequency offset and inverter harmonic characteristics is given. Furthermore, the design related simulation verifies that the above two factors have no influence on the judgment results of the proposed protection. The protection is robust.

Key words： Phase comparison criterion of negative sequence current unmeasurable branches asymmetric fault negative sequence current check criterion active distribution network

Received: 23 December 2021

PACS:

TM773

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Xiao Shuyu
	Lin Xiangning
	Wei Fanrong
	Wu Yuqi
	Li Zhengtian

Cite this article:

Xiao Shuyu,Lin Xiangning,Wei Fanrong等. Phase Comparison Protection of Negative Sequence Current for Distribution Lines with Unmeasurable Branches[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(9): 2435-2447.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.212083 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2023/V38/I9/2435

[1] Lu Sizhao, Zhao Di, Li Kai, et al.A distributed feedforward control method for power electronic transformers[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2020, 4(4): 319-328.
[2] 张天策, 王剑晓, 李庚银, 等. 面向高比例新能源接入的配电网电压时空分布感知方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(2): 37-45.
Zhang Tiance, Wang Jianxiao, Li Gengyin, et al.Perception method of voltage spatial-temporal distribution of distribution network with high penetration of renewable energy[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(2): 37-45.
[3] 李鹏, 王瑞, 冀浩然, 等. 低碳化智能配电网规划研究与展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(24): 10-21.
Li Peng, Wang Rui, Ji Haoran, et al.Research and prospect of planning for low-carbon smart distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(24): 10-21.
[4] 姜云鹏, 任洲洋, 李秋燕, 等. 考虑多灵活性资源协调调度的配电网新能源消纳策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(7): 1820-1835.
Jiang Yunpeng, Ren Zhouyang, Li Qiuyan, et al.An accommodation strategy for renewable energy in distribution network considering coordinated dispatching of multi-flexible resources[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(7): 1820-1835.
[5] 高聪哲, 黄文焘, 余墨多, 等. 基于智能软开关的主动配电网电压模型预测控制优化方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(13): 3263-3274.
Gao Congzhe, Huang Wentao, Yu Moduo, et al.A model predictive control method to optimize voltages for active distribution networks with soft open point[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(13): 3263-3274.
[6] Gao Houlei, Li Juan, Xu Bingyin.Principle and implementation of current differential protection in distribution networks with high penetration of DGs[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2017, 32(1): 565-574.
[7] 贾贞, 张维, 彭松. 含分布式电源的配电网方向保护研究[J]. 电气技术, 2020, 21(5): 55-57, 67.
Jia Zhen, Zhang Wei, Peng Song.Research on directional protection of distribution network with distributed power[J]. Electrical Engineering, 2020, 21(5): 55-57, 67.
[8] 刘凯, 李幼仪. 主动配电网保护方案的研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(16): 2584-2590.
Liu Kai, Li Youyi.Study on solutions for active distribution grid protection[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(16): 2584-2590.
[9] 徐可寒, 张哲, 刘慧媛, 等. 光伏电源故障特性研究及影响因素分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(2): 359-371.
Xu Kehan, Zhang Zhe, Liu Huiyuan, et al.Study on fault characteristics and its related impact factors of photovoltaic generator[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(2): 359-371.
[10] 秦苏亚, 薛永端, 刘砾钲, 等. 有源配电网小电流接地故障暂态特征及其影响分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(3): 655-666.
Qin Suya, Xue Yongduan, Liu Lizheng, et al.Transient characteristics and influence of small current grounding faults in active distribution network[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(3): 655-666.
[11] 彭克, 张聪, 徐丙垠, 等. 含高密度分布式电源的配电网故障分析关键问题[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41(24): 184-192.
Peng Ke, Zhang Cong, Xu Bingyin, et al.Key issues of fault analysis on distribution system with high-density distributed generations[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(24): 184-192.
[12] 朱雪凌, 王振亚, 辛自立, 等. 分布式电源对配电网三段式电流保护的影响[J]. 华北水利水电学院学报, 2013, 34(6): 106-109.
Zhu Xueling, Wang Zheny a, Xin Zili, et al. Effects of distributed generator on three-section current protection of distribution network[J]. Journal of North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power, 2013, 34(6): 106-109.
[13] 魏仲. 含分布式电源的配电网保护研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆大学, 2009.
[14] 胡勇, 郑黎明, 贾科, 等. 基于Tanimoto相似度的光伏场站送出线路纵联保护[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2021, 49(3): 74-79.
Hu Yong, Zheng Liming, Jia Ke, et al.Pilot protection based on Tanimoto similarity for a photovoltaic station transmission line[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2021, 49(3): 74-79.
[15] 贾科, 杨哲, 魏超, 等. 基于斯皮尔曼等级相关系数的新能源送出线路纵联保护[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(15): 103-111.
Jia Ke, Yang Zhe, Wei Chao, et al.Pilot protection based on Spearman rank correlation coefficient for transmission line connected to renewable energy source[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(15): 103-111.
[16] 陈实, 邰能灵, 范春菊, 等. 考虑风力发电的配电网弱馈线路自适应电流保护[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32(3): 65-73.
Chen Shi, Tai Nengling, Fan Chunju, et al.An adaptive current protection for weak-infeed distribution lines with wind generation[J]. Transactions of China Electrote-chnical Society, 2017, 32(3): 65-73.
[17] 朱妍, 陆于平, 黄涛. 计及谐波频率特征的含风电配电网充分式电流幅值差动保护[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2020, 44(16): 130-136.
Zhu Yan, Lu Yuping, Huang Tao.Sufficient current amplitude differential protection considering frequency characteristic of harmonics for distribution network with wind power[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2020, 44(16): 130-136.
[18] 邢晓东, 石访, 张恒旭, 等. 基于同步相量的有源配电网自适应故障区段定位方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(23): 4920-4930.
Xing Xiaodong, Shi Fang, Zhang Hengxu, et al.Adaptive section location method for active distribution network based on synchronized phasor measurement[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(23): 4920-4930.
[19] 吴心弘. 线路纵联差动保护研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2006.
[20] Dambhare S, Soman S A, Chandorkar M C.Adaptive current differential protection schemes for transmission-line protection[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2009, 24(4): 1832-1841.
[21] 赵青春, 谢华, 陆金凤, 等. 实用的半波长输电线路纵联差动保护[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(1): 44-50.
Zhao Qingchun, Xie Hua, Lu Jinfeng, et al.Practical differential protection for half-wavelength transmission line[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(1): 44-50.
[22] 何正友, 李波, 廖凯, 等. 新形态城市电网保护与控制关键技术[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2020, 40(19): 6193-6206.
He Zhengyou, Li Bo, Liao Kai, et al.Key technologies for protection and control of novel urban power grids[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2020, 40(19): 6193-6206.
[23] 何文栋, 王晓锋, 吴金秋, 等. 基于光纤复合中压电缆的城域配电网设计和应用[J]. 工业技术创新, 2020, 7(3): 66-71, 101.
He Wendong, Wang Xiaofeng, Wu Jinqiu, et al.Design and application of metro distribution network based on optical fiber composite medium-voltage cable[J]. Industrial Technology Innovation, 2020, 7(3): 66-71, 101.
[24] 和敬涵, 李文立, 张大海, 等. 基于节点分支电流幅值的含DG配网差动保护原理[J]. 电网技术, 2018, 42(11): 3601-3608.
He Jinghan, Li Wenli, Zhang Dahai, et al.Differential protection scheme based on current amplitude of branch node for distribution network with DG[J]. Power System Technology, 2018, 42(11): 3601-3608.
[25] 张雪松, 马啸, 章雷其, 等. 有源配电网含不可测分支线路新型电流幅值差动保护判据[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2020, 40(2): 76-84.
Zhang Xuesong, Ma Xiao, Zhang Leiqi, et al.Novel Current amplitude differential protection criterion for line with unmeasurable branch in active distribution network[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2020, 40(2): 76-84.
[26] 贺家李, 李永丽, 董新洲. 电力系统继电保护原理[M]. 4版. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 2010.
[27] 陈洁羽, 谈震, 刘俊, 等. 风电电源阻抗特性对相量式距离保护的影响分析[J]. 智慧电力, 2018, 46(12): 63-68.
Chen Jieyu, Tan Zhen, Liu Jun, et al.Influence of impedance characteristics of wind power supply on phasor-based distance protection[J]. Smart Power, 2018, 46(12): 63-68.
[28] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 中国国家标准化管理委员会. 风电场接入电力系统技术规定: GB/T 19963—2011[S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2012.
[29] 班国邦, 曾华荣, 张露松, 等. 考虑死区与延时影响的LCL型并网逆变器谐波特性分析[J]. 电力科学与工程, 2022, 38(1): 16-23.
Ban Guobang, Zeng Huarong, Zhang Lusong, et al.Harmonic characteristics analysis of LCL grid-connected inverter considering the influence of dead zone and time delay[J]. Electric Power Science and Engineering, 2022, 38(1): 16-23.
[30] 马春艳, 段青, 沙广林, 等. 控制参数对电压控制型逆变器谐波特性的影响[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2021, 33(1): 130-135.
Ma Chunyan, Duan Qing, Sha Guanglin, et al.Influences of control parameters on harmonic characteristics of voltage-controlled inverters[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2021, 33(1): 130-135.
[31] 刘世明, 郭韬, 吴聚昆, 等. 适用于频率偏移情况下同步相量测量的DFT算法研究[J]. 电网技术, 2016, 40(5): 1522-1528.
Liu Shiming, Guo Tao, Wu Jukun, et al.Study of DFT algorithm for synchrophasor measurement under frequency offset[J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(5): 1522-1528.