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| Axial Magnetic Field Optimization Method for Service Performance in Electric Contact System Between Pantograph and Catenary |
| He Zhijiang1, Yang Zefeng1,2, Wang Hong1, Wei Wenfu1, Wu Guangning1 |
1. College of Electrical Engineering Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611765 China;
2. Guojia Electrical Engineering Co. Ltd Chengdu 610093 China |
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Abstract The C-Cu contacts in the pantograph-contact line systems are the only way for the train to obtain energy, which determines the safety and stability of energy transfer. The operating conditions of the pantograph and catenary are harsh, because they are necessary to face the challenges of all-weather complicated environment, high-speed sliding vibration, and large-capacity power transmission. This leads to excessive and abnormal wear. The existing wear control measures of the C-Cu contacts only improve a single aspect of mechanical or electrical performance. However, the comprehensive performance is difficult to meet the requirements of large capacity and long-term service simultaneously. Considering the effects of the magnetic field in regulating the oxidation of the contact interface and the abrasive particle distribution, a new idea of active control of the wear loss between the C-Cu contact interface with the axial magnetic field was proposed.
A linear reciprocating current-carrying friction test bench is built to simulate the operation mode of the high-speed railway pantograph-contact line system. The influence of magnetic field intensity and polarity on the current-carrying friction and wear performance of the C-Cu contacts is studied by changing the magnetic field parameters.
The results show: (1) When the strength of the magnetic fields changes in the range of 0~0.15 T, the wear amount of the carbon strip decreases continuously, and the antiwear effect can reach 78.9% at 0.15 T. The friction coefficient decreases and then increases, reaching the minimum value of 0.136 1 at 0.1 T. The changing trend of wear amount can be explained by the influence of the magnetic field on interface oxidation, wear particle distribution, and dislocation movement. The effect of magnetic field on friction has two sides. Under certain conditions, it can slow down friction, while under other conditions, it can promote friction. The mutual competition between them forms the turning phenomenon of friction coefficient. (2) The antifriction effect of magnetic field is more significant under current-carrying conditions. This is mainly because the low-temperature environment without current inhibits the oxidation of the metal-copper interface. (3) Different magnetic field polarities all have the effect of reducing friction and wear. And there is no significant difference between the two polarities. (4) The microscopic analysis of the contact surface shows that the proportion of oxidation wear increases after applying the axial magnetic field under current-carrying conditions, which promotes the transition from severe wear to slight wear. (5) Introducing the axial magnetic field into the C-Cu sliding electric contact system can effectively reduce the friction coefficient and wear amount. Although the overall temperature rise and contact resistance of the carbon strip are slightly increased, the current-carrying friction and wear state is significantly improved. Therefore, the magnetic field can be used as an active control method to prolong the service life of the carbon strip.
The research results have a guiding significance for developing new active control methods of abnormal wear and improving the stability of the pantograph-contact line systems.
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Received: 01 June 2021
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2023, Vol. 38 
