MMC型直流融冰系统直流电压波动机理分析及抑制方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250693

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Abstract Direct current (DC) de-icing devices are essential equipment for ensuring the safe and stable operation of power grids in regions frequently affected by severe icing disasters, as they enable rapid removal of ice accretion on transmission lines. Among various de-icing technologies, the modular multilevel converter (MMC)-based DC de-icing system has emerged as a mainstream solution due to its advantages of compact capacity, high efficiency, flexible connection topology, and low reactive power demand. However, under existing DC current control schemes, such systems generally encounter prominent DC voltage fluctuation problems. These fluctuations may induce circulating current distortion in converter arms and capacitor voltage imbalance among submodules, which pose significant challenges to system stability and long-term reliability.
To address these problems, this study systematically investigates the underlying mechanism of DC voltage fluctuation from a control system perspective. Firstly, through mathematical modeling and theoretical analysis, the fundamental cause of voltage fluctuation is identified. It is demonstrated that the observed DC voltage oscillations do not stem from control precision limitations, but are caused by the clamping effect of the current control loop on the modulation voltage. This clamping leads to frequent variations in the number of inserted submodules per phase, resulting in significant DC voltage disturbances. Secondly, based on the identified mechanism, a modified control strategy is proposed. The core idea combines modulation DC voltage rounding with adaptive switching of the DC current reference value. Specifically, the modulation voltage is constrained to integer multiples of the rated submodule capacitor voltage, stabilizing the submodule configuration. Simultaneously, the DC current reference value is adaptively adjusted according to the dynamic state of the system, thereby suppressing submodule switching fluctuations and improving DC voltage stability. Thirdly, to eliminate steady-state current deviations introduced by reference value switching, a real-time current state monitoring mechanism is further incorporated. This mechanism continuously detects and compensates for steady-state current errors, thereby enhancing current control accuracy and improving steady-state performance of the system. Finally, simulation studies verify that the proposed control strategy effectively suppresses DC voltage oscillations, mitigates arm circulating current distortion, and reduces capacitor voltage imbalance. As a result, both the dynamic performance and operational stability of the MMC-based DC de-icing system are significantly improved while still meeting the required de-icing current amplitude without additional hardware or complex modifications.
In conclusion, this research clarifies that: (1) The inability to maintain the modulation DC voltage as integer multiples of submodule rated capacitor voltage under existing control schemes is the root cause of DC voltage fluctuation in MMC-based DC de-icing devices. (2) The proposed control strategy, integrating voltage rounding and adaptive reference adjustment, fundamentally suppresses configuration-induced voltage disturbances. The additional current state monitoring further refines steady-state current accuracy. The solution offers a practical approach for improving MMC de-icing system performance within existing hardware configurations, without the need for supplementary filtering equipment or hardware redesign.

Key words： MMC-based DC de-icing DC voltage fluctuation DC current deviation DC current control loop nearest level control

Received: 25 April 2025

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	Yan Xu
	He Jiawei
	Li Bin
	Zhou Bohao
	Sun Qiang
	Wang Wenbo

Cite this article:

Yan Xu,He Jiawei,Li Bin等. DC Voltage Fluctuation Mechanism and Suppression Methods in MMC-Based DC De-Icing System[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2026, 41(7): 2208-2222.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250693 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y2026/V41/I7/2208

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