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| Minimum Current Triangular Current Mode Control for Laser Driver Power Supplies Based on State Plane Analysis |
| Tian Yu1, Han Weijian1, Wang Guan2, Wang Xida1, Xin Zhen1 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Smart Distribution Equipment and System Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China;
2. Shenyang Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shenyang 110000 China |
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Abstract Airborne laser weapons offer high directional gain, rapid deployment, and flexibility, making them highly significant for military applications. The laser drive power supply is responsible for driving, controlling, and protecting the laser.Due to the aircraft's demanding requirements on the weight and volume of airborne equipment, high-frequency switching power supply with soft switching characteristics has become the ideal choice for this application. In this paper, a four-phase interleaved parallel Buck converter is adopted as the topology of the laser drive power supply. A minimum current triangular current mode (TCM) control strategy is proposed based on the state plane analysis, which enables the converter to achieve zero voltage switching (ZVS) across the full operating range. The proposed method does not rely zero crossing detection for inductor current, and hence reduces the sensitivity to switching noise and eliminates the requirement for wide-bandwidth current sensor.
(1) A minimum current TCM control strategy based on state-plane analysis was developed. Firstly, the basic principle of TCM control was explained by taking a single-phase Buck converter as an example. Then, the charge-based equivalent capacitance of a half-bridge was calculated, followed by the analysis of the resonance process between the inductor and the equivalent capacitance during dead time. The resonant process with the ZVS achievement and minimized conduction loss was depicted on the state-plane for different voltage ratios. Based on the state-plane trajectories, a mathematical model was established for numerically calculating the optimal timing parameters which enable the converter operated with ZVS and minimum rms current. For practical application, this work also presents a polynomial fitting method that can be used to calculate the optimal timing parameters online, which facilitates the implementation in a digital controller. The fitting results was evaluated using residual plots which shows good accuracy. Furthermore, a control flow diagram for digital implementation was reported.
(2) The state planes trajectories of non-optimal timing parameters, such as with a lower or a higher switching frequency, with a shorter or a longer dead time were analyzed, to visualize the impact of timing parameter variations on the soft-switching performance. The analysis results provides an effective guideline for providing some margins for the theoretically calculated timing parameters, to compensate the effects due to factors such as circuit parasitic parameters, voltage and current sampling errors, and inaccurate modeling of the equivalent capacitance, etc.
The theoretical analysis and the proposed control method were verified through a 4 kW, 200~500 kHz four phase interleaved parallel Buck converter. The experimental waveform shows that ZVS operation with minimum rms inductor current is achieved for various input/output voltage levels and output power. The experimental results also verified the effects of timing parameter deviation, which are consistent with the theoretical analysis. The experimental waveform also shows the inductor current of each phase has a good consistency, validating the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. Furthermore, the efficiency measurement results indicated 97.83% peak efficiency and beyond 97% for medium-to-high power level. The dynamic response experimental results also show the rising and falling time during a step response was smaller than 1ms.
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Received: 04 December 2024
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2026, Vol. 41 
