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| Oscillation Source Location Method of Renewable Energy Grid-Connected System Based on Fundamental Frequency Measurement Impedance |
| Xu Yanhui1, Li Jiayan1, Li Wentao1, Tian Xin2, Zhang Yuyue2 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 China;
2. Shandong Power Economic Research Institute State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan 250001 China |
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Abstract With the rapid development of renewable energy represented by wind power and photovoltaics, the penetration rate of power electronic equipment in the power system has continued to increase. It has triggered several oscillation incidents caused by the interaction between power electronic equipment and the power grid, posing a serious threat to the safe and stable operation of the new energy grid-connected system. If the oscillation source can be detected promptly and accurately at the early stage and corresponding suppression measures can be taken, the harm caused by oscillation can be avoided. The oscillation source positioning can be divided into mechanism-model-based and measurement-data-based methods. Due to the difficulty in establishing high- dimensional nonlinear mechanism models and the poor interpretability of deep learning methods, mechanism- based and artificial intelligence-based methods are difficult to apply in practice. Meanwhile, broadband measurement devices are not yet widely used, and the existing methods for locating oscillation sources based on broadband measurement information are challenging.
Firstly, the dynamic response process of fundamental frequency voltage and current in the presence of sub/super-synchronous components is deduced, revealing the change rule of fundamental frequency quantity when sub/super-synchronous oscillation occurs. Then, for the problem that the oscillation threshold is difficult to obtain accurately, the oscillation training sample set under multiple scenarios is constructed, and the functional expression of the oscillation threshold is obtained based on the support vector machine algorithm. The sub/super-synchronous oscillation source localization criterion is formed based on the fundamental frequency measured impedance. Finally, a time domain simulation model is constructed based on the typical topology of new energy grid-connected systems, and the proposed method is validated by constructing a test data set. The results show that the proposed method is adaptableto different operating conditions and can realize the accurate localization of sub/super-synchronous oscillation sources in renewable energy grid-connected systems.
The main conclusion of this paper can be summarized as follows:
(1) When there are sub/super-synchronous components in the system, the voltage and current of power frequency are affected by the regulation of the control link. The fundamental frequency measurement impedance (FFMI) can be used to characterize the degree to which the fundamental frequency quantity is affected by the sub/super-synchronous components.
(2) The changes of FFMI in oscillation source and non-oscillation source nodes are significantly different, and the FFMI can be used to locate the sub/super-synchronous oscillation source. The support vector machine (SVM) is a robust binary classification model. An oscillation threshold of a binary function of frequency and power is finally obtained by constructing an oscillation training sample set under multiple scenarios.
(3) The FFMI-based oscillation source location method can accurately locate the oscillation source from three aspects: single-mode oscillation, single-mode interactive oscillation, and multi-mode oscillation. The proposed method has good generalization ability.
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Received: 17 June 2024
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2025, Vol. 40 
