新型储能配合光伏并网的构网自适应惯量阻尼控制策略验证

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250181

Abstract
Figure/Table
References (35)
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (1275 KB) HTML (1 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS) Supporting Info

Abstract

This paper focuses on the stability issues of distributed energy integration in new power systems and investigates the implementation of grid-friendly integration strategies using Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) with distributed energy and energy storage systems. Considering the expansion of photovoltaic integration in China, which has led to a reduction in the inertia and stability of regional power systems, and the shortcomings of traditional grid-following inverters, the development of grid-forming photovoltaic and energy storage integration strategies is particularly critical.
This paper first discusses the power control strategy of hybrid energy storage system (HESS) based on the working characteristics of optical storage hybrid VSG system and hybrid energy storage system, including constant power control of battery and constant voltage control of supercapacitor, in order to realize the efficient management of energy and the stable control of DC bus voltage. Then, by establishing the VSG active closed-loop small-signal model, the influence mechanism of VSG inertia and damping on the system power dynamic characteristics, stability and steady-state error is analyzed in depth from the perspectives of the analysis of dynamic performance indexes in the time domain, the analysis of root trajectory in the frequency domain, and the analysis of stability margin.
Based on the analysis, the coordinated adaptive control strategy of inertia damping taking into account the dynamic characteristics of energy storage is proposed. Drawing on the synchronous generator power angle characteristics and the angular frequency oscillation process, the interval is divided to formulate the principle of inertia damping change, and through the introduction of hyperbolic tangent function and the inertia link to match, the design of the complete J, D adaptive control strategy makes it dynamically adjusted in accordance with the angular frequency deviation and the angular frequency rate of change in real time in order to comprehensively improve the dynamic and steady state characteristics of the distributed photovoltaic energy storage grid-connected system.
Finally, a single photovoltaic-storage power generation system based on coordinated VSG adaptation was integrated into a 380V low-voltage distribution network for testing. Multiple simulation scenarios were set up to compare the proposed strategy with traditional adaptive control strategies and the VSG underdamped control mode. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategy rapidly restores stability during load disturbances, reducing power oscillations and frequency overshoot. Under grid-side frequency disturbances, it reduces steady-state power deviation and improves the accuracy of grid-forming support power response. During grid-side voltage disturbances, the output power frequency fluctuation is minimal, and reactive power support is provided to maintain voltage stability. Under different grid strengths, the strategy effectively regulates the active damping inertia response during frequency and power fluctuations in the dispatch command response process, showing strong capability and favorable results. In summary, the proposed strategy effectively leverages the grid-forming regulation capabilities of the photovoltaic-storage integrated system, optimizes the operation of the hybrid energy storage system, and demonstrates significant application potential in emerging power systems with large-scale distributed photovoltaic integration.

Key words： Hybrid energy storage adaptive control optical storage and grid integration system Grid-type control Virtual synchronous generator

Received: 23 January 2025

PACS:

TM341

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to my bookshelf
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	Articles by authors
	Yi Jianbo
	Wang Shuyi
	Hu Weihao
	Huang Qi

Cite this article:

Yi Jianbo,Wang Shuyi,Hu Weihao等. Verification of Grid-Forming Adaptive Inertia-Damping Control Strategy for Novel Energy Storage Integrated with Photovoltaic Systems[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 258104-258104.

URL:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.250181 OR https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/EN/Y0/V/I/258104

[1] 黄萌, 舒思睿, 李锡林, 等. 面向同步稳定性的电力电子并网变流器分析与控制研究综述[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(19): 5978-5994.
Huang Meng, Shu Sirui, Li Xilin, et al.A review of synchronization-stability-oriented analysis and control of power electronic grid-connected converters[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(19): 5978-5994.
[2] 韩肖清, 李廷钧, 张东霞, 等. 双碳目标下的新型电力系统规划新问题及关键技术[J]. 高电压技术, 2021, 47(9): 3036-3046.
Han Xiaoqing, Li Tingjun, Zhang Dongxia, et al.New issues and key technologies of new power system planning under double carbon goals[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2021, 47(9): 3036-3046.
[3] 赵冬梅, 宋晨铭, 冯向阳, 等. 100%新能源场景下考虑频率稳定约束的源网荷储一体化系统储能优化配置[J]. 电工技术学报, 2025, 40(7): 2146-2161.
Zhao Dongmei, Song Chenming, Feng Xiangyang, et al.The optimal configuration of energy storage in the source-grid-load-storage integrated system considering frequency stability constraints in 100% new energy scenarios[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(7): 2146-2161.
[4] 李达, 张涛. 基于阻抗法的光储逆变器交直流建模及耦合分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(10): 3038-3048.
Li Da, Zhang Tao.Modeling and coupling analysis of DC and grid side of solar-storage inverter based on impedance method[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(10): 3038-3048.
[5] 程林, 索克兰, 许鹤麟. 新能源侧电池储能系统运行评价: 现状与展望[J/OL]. 电力系统自动化, 2024: 1-19. (2024-10-31). https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1180.TP.20241031.0851.002.html.
Cheng Lin, Suo Kelan, Xu Helin. Operation evaluation of battery energy storage systems at renewable energy side: current status and prospects[J/OL]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2024: 1-19. (2024-10-31). https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/32.1180.TP.20241031.0851.002.html.
[6] 南斌, 董树锋, 唐坤杰, 等. 考虑需求响应和源荷不确定性的光储微电网储能优化配置[J]. 电网技术, 2023, 47(4): 1340-1352.
Nan Bin, Dong Shufeng, Tang Kunjie, et al.Optimal configuration of energy storage in PV-storage microgrid considering demand response and uncertainties in source and load[J]. Power System Technology, 2023, 47(4): 1340-1352.
[7] 王力, 胡佳成, 曾祥君, 等. 基于混合储能的交直流混联微电网功率分级协调控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(8): 2311-2324.
Wang Li, Hu Jiacheng, Zeng Xiangjun, et al.Hierarchical coordinated power control strategy for AC-DC hybrid microgrid with hybrid energy storage[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(8): 2311-2324.
[8] 国家能源局. 促进新型储能并网和调度运用[EB/OL].[2024-04-02]. http://zfxxgk.nea.gov.cn/2024-04/02/c_1310771072.htm
[9] 郭玲娟, 魏斌, 韩肖清, 等. 基于集合经验模态分解的交直流混合微电网混合储能容量优化配置[J]. 高电压技术, 2020, 46(2): 527-537.
Guo Lingjuan, Wei Bin, Han Xiaoqing, et al.Capacity optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage in hybrid AC/DC micro-grid based on ensemble empirical mode decomposition[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2020, 46(2): 527-537.
[10] Zhang Lin, Zhang Tianwen, Zhang Ke, et al.Research on power fluctuation strategy of hybrid energy storage to suppress wind-photovoltaic hybrid power system[J]. Energy Reports, 2023, 10: 3166-3173.
[11] Naderi E, K C B, Ansari M, et al. Experimental validation of a hybrid storage framework to cope with fluctuating power of hybrid renewable energy-based systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 2021, 36(3): 1991-2001.
[12] 郑浩, 谢丽蓉, 叶林, 等. 考虑光伏双评价指标的混合储能平滑出力波动策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(9): 1805-1817.
Zheng Hao, Xie Lirong, Ye Lin, et al.Hybrid energy storage smoothing output fluctuation strategy considering photovoltaic dual evaluation indicators[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(9): 1805-1817.
[13] 陶霞, 方东平, 汪莹洁, 等. 基于最大功率点跟踪下垂控制的光储一体化系统研究[J]. 电气技术, 2024, 25(4): 38-46.
Tao Xia, Fang Dongping, Wang Yingjie, et al.Research on integrated photovoltaic and energy storage system with maximum power point tracking based droop control[J]. Electrical Engineering, 2024, 25(4): 38-46.
[14] Liang Shuai, Jin Shi, Shi Long.Research on control strategy of grid-connected brushless doubly-fed wind power system based on virtual synchronous generator control[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2022, 6(4): 404-412.
[15] 刘欣, 郭志博, 贾焦心, 等. 基于序阻抗的虚拟同步发电机并网稳定性分析及虚拟阻抗设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(15): 4130-4146.
Liu Xin, Guo Zhibo, Jia Jiaoxin, et al.Stability analysis and virtual impedance design of virtual synchronous machine based on sequence impedance[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(15): 4130-4146.
[16] 张宝群, 胡长斌, 马龙飞, 等. 基于小信号稳定性分析的含VSG微电网电能质量主动控制[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43(23): 210-216.
Zhang Baoqun, Hu Changbin, Ma Longfei, et al.Active power quality control for microgrid with virtual synchronous generator based on small-signal stability analysis[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43(23): 210-216.
[17] 宋琼, 张辉, 孙凯, 等. 多微源独立微网中虚拟同步发电机的改进型转动惯量自适应控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(02): 412-424.
Song Qiong, Zhang Hui, Sun Kai, et al.Improved moment of inertia adaptive control of virtual synchronous generator in multi-microsource independent microgrid[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(02): 412-424.
[17] 宋琼, 张辉, 孙凯, 等. 多微源独立微网中虚拟同步发电机的改进型转动惯量自适应控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37(2): 412-424.
Song Qiong, Zhang Hui, Sun Kai, et al.Improved adaptive control of inertia for virtual synchronous generators in islanding micro-grid with multiple distributed generation units[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(2): 412-424.
[18] 颜湘武, 张伟超, 崔森, 等. 基于虚拟同步机的电压源逆变器频率响应时域特性和自适应参数设计[J]. 电工技术学报, 2021, 36(增刊1): 241-254.
Yan Xiangwu, Zhang Weichao, Cui Sen, et al.Frequency response characteristics and adaptive parameter tuning of voltage-sourced converters under VSG control[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2021, 36(S1): 241-254.
[19] 温春雪, 陈丹, 胡长斌, 等. 微网逆变器的VSG转动惯量和阻尼系数自适应控制[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42(17): 120-126, 183.
Wen Chunxue, Chen Dan, Hu Changbin, et al.Self-adaptive control of rotational inertia and damping coefficient of VSG for converters in microgrid[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(17): 120-126, 183.
[20] 郭潇镁, 李永刚, 周一辰. 基于变权重自适应MPC的VSG调频控制策略[J/OL]. 电工技术学报, 2025: 1-14. (2025-02-17). https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241772.
Guo Xiaomei, Li Yonggang, Zhou Yichen. VSG frequency regulation control strategy based on variable weight adaptive MPC[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025: 1-14. (2025-02-17). https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.241772.
[21] 李明烜, 王跃, 徐宁一, 等. 基于带通阻尼功率反馈的虚拟同步发电机控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2018, 33(10): 2176-2185.
Li Mingxuan, Wang Yue, Xu Ningyi, et al.Virtual synchronous generator control strategy based on bandpass damping power feedback[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2018, 33(10): 2176-2185.
[22] 朱军, 邓寅曦, 杜少通, 等. 优化储能容量配置的ln基底型VSG自适应控制策略[J]. 电力系统及其自动化学报, 2023, 35(5): 48-55.
Zhu Jun, Deng Yinxi, Du Shaotong, et al.Natural-log-type adaptive control strategy for VSG with optimal energy storage capacity configuration[J]. Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA, 2023, 35(5): 48-55.
[23] 程子霞, 于洋, 柴旭峥. 基于协同自适应控制的光储VSG运行控制研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2020, 48(24): 79-85.
Cheng Zixia, Yu Yang, Chai Xuzheng.Research on operation control of a photovoltaic system with storage VSG based on cooperative adaptive control[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2020, 48(24): 79-85.
[24] 赵炳洋, 赵波, 胡娟, 等. 考虑VSG构网储能暂态与稳态优化的自适应策略[J]. 高压电器, 2023, 59(7): 39-47.
Zhao Bingyang, Zhao Bo, Hu Juan, et al.Adaptive strategy considering transient and steady-state optimization of VSG grid-forming energy storage[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2023, 59(7): 39-47.
[25] 吴舟, 邹晓松, 袁旭峰, 等. 计及储能动态的VSG惯量阻尼自适应控制研究[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2020, 36(12): 83-91.
Wu Zhou, Zou Xiaosong, Yuan Xufeng, et al.Research on VSG rotational inertia and damping adaptive control considering energy storage dynamics[J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2020, 36(12): 83-91.
[26] 孟贤, 郭启蒙, 李颖欢, 等. 考虑双向需求的混合储能容量多目标优化配置[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(8): 45-53.
Meng Xian, Guo Qimeng, Li Yinghuan, et al.Multi-objrctive optimal configuration of hybrid energy storage capacity considering two-way demand[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2023, 44(8): 45-53.
[27] 杨帆, 邵银龙, 李东东, 等. 一种计及储能容量和SOC约束的模糊自适应VSG控制策略[J]. 电网技术, 2021, 45(5): 1869-1877.
Yang Fan, Shao Yinlong, Li Dongdong, et al.Fuzzy adaptive VSG control strategy considering energy storage capacity and SOC constraint[J]. Power System Technology, 2021, 45(5): 1869-1877.
[28] 刘志坚, 曾利铭, 王伟铭, 等. 光储经改进VSG的构网型变流器并网系统暂态稳定性分析[J/OL]. 控制工程, 2025: 1-11. (2025-01-03). https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.14107/j.cnki.kzgc.20240865.
Liu Zhijian, Zeng Liming, Wang Weiming, et al. Transient stability analysis of grid-connected system with grid-configuring converter for optical storage via improved VSG[J/OL]. Control Engineering of China, 2025: 1-11. (2025-01-03). https://link.cnki.net/doi/10.14107/j.cnki.kzgc.20240865.
[29] 杨萍, 陈卓, 罗婷, 等. 基于VSG的光伏发电与混合储能的控制方法[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2023, 39(2): 83-91, 113.
Yang Ping, Chen Zhuo, Luo Ting, et al.A control method of photovoltaic power generation and hybrid energy storage based on VSG[J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2023, 39(2): 83-91, 113.
[30] 杨效, 曾成碧, 苗虹, 等. 优化虚拟同步发电机惯量和阻尼的自适应控制策略[J]. 太阳能学报, 2023, 44(11): 495-504.
Yang Xiao, Zeng Chengbi, Miao Hong, et al.Optimizing adaptive inertia and damping control strategy of virtual synchronous generator[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2023, 44(11): 495-504.
[31] 程静, 胡健雄, 王维庆, 等. 基于虚拟同步机的风-光-储并网系统自适应功频控制策略[J]. 现代电力, 2024, 41(5): 878-885.
Cheng Jing, Hu Jianxiong, Wang Weiqing, et al.Adaptive power frequency control strategy for wind-photovoltaics-storage grid connected system based on virtual synchronizer generator[J]. Modern Electric Power, 2024, 41(5): 878-885.
[32] 袁敞, 王俊杰, 胡嘉琦, 等. 平衡频率与功率振荡的虚拟同步机惯量阻尼参数优化控制[J]. 电力科学与技术学报, 2023, 38(4): 15-23, 56.
Yuan Chang, Wang Junjie, Hu Jiaqi, et al.Optimal control of inertia damping parameters of virtual synchronous machine with balance frequency and power oscillation[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology, 2023, 38(4): 15-23, 56.
[33] 易建波, 张国洲, 张鹏, 等. 超低频振荡阻尼控制中的水轮机调速系统参数双层优化策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(5): 1219-1228.
Yi Jianbo, Zhang Guozhou, Zhang Peng, et al.Two-layer optimization strategy of hydraulic turbine governing system parameters in ultra-low frequency oscillation damping control[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(5): 1219-1228.
[34] 赵冬梅, 裴建楠, 白俊辉, 等. 弱、极弱电网场景下构网型变流器调频能力提升技术研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44(增刊1): 215-226.
Zhao Dongmei, Pei Jiannan, Bai Junhui, et al.Research on improving frequency modulation capability of grid-forming converter under weak and extremely weak grid condition[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44(S1): 215-226.
[35] 曾祥辰, 刘青, 王嘉晨, 等. 弱电网下并网逆变器恒定带宽及稳定裕度的自适应控制策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2024, 39(9): 2682-2695.
Zeng Xiangchen, Liu Qing, Wang Jiachen, et al.Adaptive control strategy of grid-connected inverters with constant bandwidth and stability margin in weak grids[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2024, 39(9): 2682-2695.