A Bi-Level Programming Model of Rotary Power Flow Controller for Improving the Economy and Comprehensive Carrying Capacity of Distribution Station Area
Yan Xiangwu1, Lu Junda1, Jia Jiaoxin1, Wu Ming2, Niu Geng2
1. Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Storage and Microgrid North China Electric Power University Baoding 071003 China; 2. State Grid Shanghai Energy Internet Research Institute Co. Shanghai 201210 China
Abstract As a vital component of the power system, the power supply capacity within distribution station areas exerts a direct influence on urban economic development and the enhancement of residents' living standards. With the escalating integration of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles, and diversified load connections, these areas are confronted with significant challenges, including weak grid structures, uneven local load distribution, and inadequate carrying capacities. While the power electronic flexible interconnection device offers a potential solution to these issues, its high investment and operational costs hinder widespread adoption. In contrast, the rotary power flow controller (RPFC), an electromagnetic device, presents advantages such as cost-effectiveness and resilience to impacts. By enabling spatial regulation of line power flow, the RPFC can effectively bolster the bearing capacity of distribution areas, thereby enhancing their overall carrying capacity. Firstly, the steady-state power flow model of the RPFC is established. The RPFC is a flexible interconnection device that regulates power flow based on the rotary phase shifting transformer (RPST) principle. Adjusting both the amplitude and phase of the series voltage allows for precise control of power flow along the line. Based on this, a flexible interconnection structure of the distribution station area containing RPFC is proposed. Secondly, a bi-level programming framework for RPFC is proposed for improving the economy and comprehensive carrying capacity of the distribution station area, which includes the RPFC site selection and capacity determination layer and the operation optimization layer. The upper layer is the RPFC site selection and capacity determination layer. This layer obtains typical scenarios based on the scenario reduction method of Kantorovich distance. The optimization goal is to minimize the total investment cost of the distribution station area. At the same time, under the condition of satisfying the RPFC power constraint and capacity constraint, the current optimal location and capacity of RPFC are generated, and then the RPFC determination scheme is passed to the lower layer. The lower layer is the operation optimization layer. The optimization goal is to maximize the comprehensive carrying capacity of the distribution station area. Based on the upper layer configuration scheme, this layer solves the optimal operating power of RPFC under each scenario, and then feeds back the optimization results such as RPFC transmission power and branch power flow to the upper layer. The layers optimize each other to obtain the optimal configuration planning and operation optimization scheme. Then, a bi-level programming model of the distribution station area containing RPFC is constructed based on the proposed bi-level programming framework. To improve the optimization speed and accuracy, an improved gravitational field algorithm is proposed, combined with second-order cone planning to form a hybrid optimization algorithm to solve the proposed bi-level programming model. Finally, the proposed model and algorithm are validated through simulation examples. The simulation results indicate that the proposed IGFA-SOCP hybrid optimization algorithm enhances global search capability while reducing the difficulty of solving multi-layer models, thereby optimizing the overall model-solving process and reducing solution time. This verifies the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed model and solution algorithm.
Yan Xiangwu,Lu Junda,Jia Jiaoxin等. A Bi-Level Programming Model of Rotary Power Flow Controller for Improving the Economy and Comprehensive Carrying Capacity of Distribution Station Area[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2025, 40(7): 2078-2094.
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