直流GIS/GIL内微纳粉尘弥散浓度分布特性及对气隙击穿强度的影响

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240191

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摘要

在气体绝缘全封闭组合电器/气体绝缘金属封闭输电线路（GIS/GIL）制造、运输、服役过程中,会不可避免地产生并积聚微米级及更小尺寸的金属粉尘,这种微小尺度的粉尘难以检测且其弥散运动特性呈现随机特征,是诱发气隙击穿的主要原因之一。该文在分析粉尘光散射特性的基础上,设计了微纳粉尘弥散浓度的光探测系统,获得了不同粒径粉尘弥散浓度与仪器输出电压之间的定量关系与特征函数。实验研究表明,粉尘的弥散浓度随电压升高呈现先上升后下降的变化趋势,存在极值效应;当光探测区内粉尘浓度达到峰值浓度的80%左右时,发生气隙击穿的概率显著提高。进一步研究了影响粉尘弥散运动的关键因素,获得了粉尘粒径、初始质量、材质等初始条件与粉尘弥散运动特性的关联规律,粒径越小、初始质量越大,粉尘弥散运动越剧烈、击穿电压越低,击穿电压较无粉尘时下降可达36.7%,且不同材质、不同初始位置的粉尘表现出不同的弥散运动特性。该文可为实现GIS/GIL内微纳粉尘弥散浓度的有效探测与危险程度评估提供方法基础和科学依据。

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	王媛
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	薛乃凡
	李庆民

关键词 ： GIS/GIL, 微纳粉尘, 光散射法, 弥散浓度, 气隙击穿

Abstract：

In the process of gas insulated switchger/gas insulated metal-enclosed transmission line (GIS/GIL) manufacturing, transportation, and servicing, the unavoidable generation and accumulation of metal dust at the micrometer level and below occur due to reasons such as switch contact collisions and mechanical vibrations. This minute-scale dust is challenging to detect, and its dispersion characteristics are not yet clear, potentially being the fundamental cause of air gap breakdown issues.
The paper begins by investigating the light scattering characteristics of metal dust with particle sizes of 1 000 mesh, 2 000 mesh, 10 000 mesh, 500 nm, and 50 nm. Based on this analysis, a micron-nano dust dispersion concentration detection system suitable for GIS/GIL is designed and built. The obtained dispersion concentration-voltage relationship functions for five particle sizes enable quantitative detection of micron-nano dust within coaxial cylindrical electrodes. This contributes theoretical guidance and technical insights for achieving detection of micron-nano dust dispersion concentration within GIS/GIL.
Experimental results reveal a trend in the dispersion concentration of dust, showing an initial increase followed by a decrease with the rise in voltage level, indicating clear extremum and polarity effects. The dispersion motion of micron-nano dust between coaxial cylindrical electrodes is summarized into three processes: firstly, dust is lifted by forces towards the high-voltage electrode; upon contact with the high-voltage electrode, dust undergoes dispersion back-and-forth motion and some dust adheres to the high-voltage electrode due to various physical forces; after 10 minutes, dust dispersion motion stabilizes, resulting in slightly higher dust concentration compared to before pressurization. The probability of air gap breakdown increases significantly when the dust concentration in the light detection zone reaches about 80% of the peak concentration. The study also explores the impact of particle size, initial mass, material, initial position of dust, and electric field polarity on dust dispersion motion. Smaller particle size and larger initial mass lead to lower voltage levels at which peaks occur, resulting in higher peak concentration values and increased danger, the breakdown voltage can be reduced by up to 36.7% compared to the dust-free condition. Copper dust, with lower physicochemical activity, exhibits less dispersion motion at the same voltage level compared to aluminum dust, and its impact on the breakdown voltage of coaxial cylindrical electrodes is smaller. When the insulator and dust are at a certain distance, dust is likely to undergo dispersion motion and simultaneous adhesion along the insulator under the influence of the electric field, with less obvious extremum effects in dust dispersion motion.
The study also analyzes the influence of researching the dispersion motion of micron-nano dust on the air gap insulation strength of coaxial cylindrical electrodes. Breakdown experiments are conducted with aluminum and copper dust of five different particle sizes, varying initial conditions such as particle size, initial mass, and material. When the dust concentration within the light detection area reaches 80% or less of the peak concentration, the probability of air gap breakdown significantly increases. Moreover, the decrease in breakdown voltage can reach a maximum of 36.7% when there is no dust. This provides a theoretical foundation and practical basis for further assessing the level of danger and achieving the detection of micron-nano dust dispersion concentration within GIS/GIL.

Key words： GIS/GIL micron-nano dust light scattering method dispersive concentration air gap breakdown

收稿日期: 2024-01-29

PACS:

TM852

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFB2601404）、国家自然科学基金（52127812）和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（2023JC005）资助

通讯作者: 李庆民男,1968年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为高电压与绝缘技术、先进输电技术等。E-mail：lqmeee@ncepu.edu.cn

作者简介: 王媛女,2000年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为金属微粒和粉尘防护等。E-mail：wy_vera0209@163.com

引用本文:

王媛, 杨睿成, 苏宝亮, 李玄, 薛乃凡, 李庆民. 直流GIS/GIL内微纳粉尘弥散浓度分布特性及对气隙击穿强度的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 2492912-2492912. Wang Yuan, Yang Ruicheng, Su Baoliang, Li Xuan, Xue Naifan, Li Qingmin. Characterization of Diffuse Concentration Distribution of Micron-Nano Dust in DC GIS/GIL and the Effect on Air Gap Breakdown Strength. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 2492912-2492912.

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https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.240191 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/2492912

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