基于电-水跨层耦合模型的城市电网脆弱性评估

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230870

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (920 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要

为更好地揭示极端场景下城市电网对供水网的复杂影响,本文考虑城市电-水主干网及用户侧的耦合特征,构建城市电-水跨层耦合模型并分析计及供水服务损失的电网脆弱性。首先,建立城市电网和供水网的拓扑和能流模型;其次,分析高压配电变电站与泵站、中压配电变压器与用户侧高层建筑水泵两种不同层级的电-水耦合关系,建立城市电-水跨层耦合模型;随后,考虑蓄意攻击场景下电网的切负荷应急调度策略,并分析城市电-水三层故障传导效应,量化和评估高压配网侧故障对供水网用户侧供水量的影响;最后,以某市级电网和供水网为例,评估蓄意攻击场景下计及供水服务损失的城市电网脆弱性,并分析其受电力负荷与需水量时序变化的影响。研究结果能为考虑电-水故障传导效应下识别电网薄弱点,提升城市韧性提供参考。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	严奕陆
	刘文霞
	石庆鑫
	刘耕铭
	李承泽

关键词 ：城市电网, 城市供水网, 故障传导, 脆弱性分析

Abstract：

The power grid is a vital lifeline infrastructure in cities, and the operation of the water supply network is highly dependent on the power grid. Therefore, evaluating the fault propagation effect of electric-water and assessing the vulnerability of the power grid under extreme scenarios is essential to quickly identify weak points in the power grid. In actual urban environments, the coupling relationship between electricity and water supply presents a layered coupling characteristic based on different voltage levels in different regions. High-voltage distribution substations supply power to pump stations, and medium-voltage distribution transformers supply power to high-rise building water pumps. However, existing electric-water coupling models usually only model part of them, which is insufficient to analyze the impact of urban high-voltage distribution network faults on user-side water supply.
To solve this issue, this paper proposes a method for modeling the electric-water coupling relationship in cities and establishes an electric-water three-layer coupling impact analysis model to evaluate the vulnerability of urban power grids that consider water supply service losses. Firstly, the city’s power grid and water supply network are modeled based on graph theory. Secondly, considering two different voltage levels of electric-water coupling relationships: high-voltage distribution substations-pump stations and medium-voltage distribution transformers-high-rise water pumps, and considering multiple coupling modes such as one-to-one, partial multi-to-one, and partial one-to-many between electricity and water supply systems. The specific topology structure of the distribution network layer is simplified to establish a city electric-water cross-layer coupling network model. Then, considering the emergency dispatch strategy of cutting load under intentional attack scenarios in the power grid, analyzing the status of each power line and node, quantifying and evaluating the impact of high-voltage distribution network faults on user-side water supply based on the three-layer fault propagation effect of urban electric-water. Finally, taking a city-level power grid and water supply network as an example, the vulnerability of the urban power grid considering water supply service losses is evaluated, and the impact of varying electricity load and water demand over time on the vulnerability is analyzed.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the simulation results analysis: (1) When considering water supply services, urban power grid nodes’ vulnerability is affected by both the amount of load loss in the power grid and the amount of water loss in the water supply network. The amount of load loss in the power grid is mainly related to that node’s topological position, importance level, and load size; The amount of water loss in the water supply network is specifically related to factors such as that node’s coupling relationship with the main pump station of the water supply network, that pump station’s service range and scale, and the number of high-rise buildings that require secondary pressurization within its power supply range and their water consumption. (2) In urban water supply systems, pumping stations, due to their large scale and wide service range, have a greater loss of water due to their failure compared to high-rise buildings. Therefore, electric nodes with one-to-one coupling with pump stations are more vulnerable, which increases with increasing pump station scale and service range. (3) Due to different land use characteristics, behavioral characteristics of electricity use and water use change to varying degrees with changes in time sequence. During peak demand periods, combinations of nodes become more vulnerable.

Key words： Urban power system water supply system fault propagation vulnerability assessment

收稿日期: 2023-06-07

PACS:	TM73
	TU991.31

基金资助:

中央高校基本科研业务费学科交叉创新专项资助（2023JC008）

通讯作者: 刘文霞女,1967年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为电力系统规划与可靠性、电力系统风险评估等。E-mail：liuwenxia001@163.com

作者简介: 严奕陆男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向电力系统脆弱性与韧性、电-水耦合系统脆弱性/韧性等。E-mail：yilu_yan@126.com

引用本文:

严奕陆, 刘文霞, 石庆鑫, 刘耕铭, 李承泽. 基于电-水跨层耦合模型的城市电网脆弱性评估[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 230870-. Yan Yilu, Liu Wenxia, Shi Qingxin, Liu Gengming, Li Chengze. Vulnerability Assessment of Urban Power Grid Based on Electricity-Water Cross-Layer Coupling Model. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 230870-.

链接本文:

https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230870 https://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y0/V/I/230870

[1] Zuloaga S, Khatavkar P, Mays L, et al.Resilience of cyber-enabled electrical energy and water distribution systems considering infrastructural robustness under conditions of limited water and/or energy availability[J]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 2022, 69(3): 639-655.
[2] 陶然, 赵冬梅, 徐辰宇, 等. 考虑电-气-热-交通相互依存的城市能源系统韧性评估与提升方法[J/OL].电工技术学报: 1-16[2023-06-14]. DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221353.
Tao Ran, Zhao Dongmei, Xu Chenyu, et al.Resilience assessment and enhancement methods for urban energy system considering electricity-gas-heat-transport interdependency[J/OL]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society: 1-16[2023-06-14]. DOI: 10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221353.
[3] 朱晓荣, 司羽. 考虑物理—信息—交通网耦合的配电网多时段动态供电恢复策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(12): 3306-3320.
Zhu Xiaorong, Si Yu.Multi-period dynamic power supply restoration strategy considering physical-cyber-traffic network coupling[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(12): 3306-3320.
[4] 徐玉琴, 方楠. 基于分段线性化与改进二阶锥松弛的电-气互联系统多目标优化调度[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(11): 2800-2812.
Xu Yuqin, Fang Nan.Multi objective optimal scheduling of integrated electricity-gas system based on piecewise linearization and improved second order cone relaxation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(11): 2800-2812.
[5] Busby J W, Baker K, Bazilian M D, et al.Cascading risks: understanding the 2021 winter blackout in texas[J]. Energy Research & Social Science, 2021, 77: 102106.
[6] 李鹤, 张平宇, 程叶青. 脆弱性的概念及其评价方法[J]. 地理科学进展, 2008, 27(2): 18-25.
Li He, Zhang Pingyu, Cheng Yeqing.Concepts and assessment methods of vulnerability[J]. Progress in Geography, 2008, 27(2): 18-25.
[7] 刘文霞, 黄钰辰, 万海洋, 等. 复杂网络理论在能源互联网脆弱性与鲁棒性研究中的应用[J]. 智慧电力, 2021, 49(1): 14-21.
Liu Wenxia, Huang Yuchen, Wan Haiyang, et al.Application of complex network theory in vulnerability and robustness evaluation of energy Internet[J]. Smart Power, 2021, 49(1): 14-21.
[8] Abedi A, Gaudard L, Romerio F.Review of major approaches to analyze vulnerability in power system[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2019, 183: 153-172.
[9] 罗筱如. 基于复杂网络理论的电力网络鲁棒性及脆弱性分析[D]. 成都: 西南交通大学, 2012.
[10] 周依希, 李晓明, 瞿合祚, 等. 基于AHP-灰色关联度的复杂电网节点综合脆弱性评估[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2018, 46(23): 86-93.
Zhou Yixi, Li Xiaoming, Qu Hezuo, et al.Node integrated vulnerability assessment of complex power grid based on AHP-gray relational degree method[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2018, 46(23): 86-93.
[11] Wang Zhuoyang, Chen Guo, Hill D J, et al.A power flow based model for the analysis of vulnerability in power networks[J]. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2016, 460: 105-115.
[12] Zhang Yanlu, Yang Naiding, Lall U.Modeling and simulation of the vulnerability of interdependent power-water infrastructure networks to cascading failures[J]. Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering, 2016, 25(1): 102-118.
[13] Guidotti R, Chmielewski H, Unnikrishnan V, et al.Modeling the resilience of critical infrastructure: the role of network dependencies[J]. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 2016, 1(3/4): 153-168.
[14] Rodriguez-Garcia L, Hosseini M M, Mosier T M, et al.Resilience analytics for interdependent power and water distribution systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2022, 37(6): 4244-4257.
[15] 张艺伟, 刘文霞, 刘耕铭, 等. 考虑拓扑相关和双重耦合的电力信息物理系统建模与脆弱性分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(16): 5486-5500.
Zhang Yiwei, Liu Wenxia, Liu Gengming, et al.Modeling and vulnerability analysis of electric cyber physical system considering topological correlation and double coupling[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(16): 5486-5500.
[16] 姚卓磊, 黄文焘, 余墨多, 等. 智能配电网电力-通信灾害故障动态协调恢复方法[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2022, 46(19): 87-94.
Yao Zhuolei, Huang Wentao, Yu Moduo, et al.Dynamic coordination recovery method for power-communication disaster fault in smart distribution network[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2022, 46(19): 87-94.
[17] 杜蕙, 林涛, 李轻言, 等. 基于时空正交配置的电力-天然气互联系统最优校正控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2023, 38(7): 1765-1779.
Du Hui, Lin Tao, Li Qingyan, et al.Optimal corrective control method of electricity and natural gas interconnected systems based on space-time orthogonal collocation[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2023, 38(7): 1765-1779.
[18] Bellè A, Zeng Zhiguo, Duval C, et al.Modeling and vulnerability analysis of interdependent railway and power networks: application to British test systems[J]. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2022, 217: 108091.
[19] 王海鑫, 袁佳慧, 陈哲, 等. 智慧城市车-站-网一体化运行关键技术研究综述及展望[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(1): 112-132.
Wang Haixin, Yuan Jiahui, Chen Zhe, et al.Review and prospect of key techniques for vehicle-station-network integrated operation in smart city[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(1): 112-132.
[20] Rinaldi S M, Peerenboom J P, Kelly T K.Identifying, understanding, and analyzing critical infrastructure interdependencies[J]. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2001, 21(6): 11-25.
[21] Li Jiaxu, Xu Yin, Wang Ying, et al.Resilience-motivated distribution system restoration considering electricity-water-gas interdependency[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2021, 12(6): 4799-4812.
[22] Najafi J, Peiravi A, Anvari-Moghaddam A.Enhancing integrated power and water distribution networks seismic resilience leveraging microgrids[J]. Sustainability, 2020, 12(6): 2167.
[23] 赵霞, 孙名轶, 李欣怡, 等. 面向区域综合能源服务的电-水联合潮流[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2020, 40(12): 23-30, 41, 31.
Zhao Xia, Sun Mingyi, Li Xinyi, et al. Combined load flow of integrated electricity-water system for regional multi-energy service[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2020, 40(12): 23-30, 41, 31.
[24] 周念成, 莫复雪, 肖舒严, 等. 计及多电压等级配电网拓扑约束的协调转供优化[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41(9): 3106-3120.
Zhou Niancheng, Mo Fuxue, Xiao Shuyan, et al.Coordinated power transfer optimization of multi-voltage-level distribution network considering topology constraints[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41(9): 3106-3120.
[25] Zhao Jin, Wang Hongtao, Liu Yutian, et al.Coordinated restoration of transmission and distribution system using decentralized scheme[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2019, 34(5): 3428-3442.
[26] 李天华. 供水管网脆弱性评价及承灾能力优化研究[D]. 大连: 大连理工大学, 2020.
[27] 朱东红. 高层建筑给水方式分析和减压阀在高层建筑中的应用[J]. 中国住宅设施, 2020(5): 52-53.
Zhu Donghong.Analysis of water supply mode of high-rise building and application of pressure reducing valve in high-rise building[J]. China Housing Facilities, 2020(5): 52-53.
[28] 严煦世, 刘遂庆. 给水排水管网系统[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2014.
[29] 中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司. 给水排水设计手册-第8册-电气与自控[M]. 3版. 北京: 中国建筑工业出版社, 2013.
[30] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. GB 50265—2010 泵站设计规范[S]. 北京: 中国计划出版社, 2011.
[31] 冯明灿, 谢宁, 王承民, 等. 考虑瞬时性峰值负荷特性的配电网可靠性规划[J]. 电网技术, 2015, 39(3): 757-762.
Feng Mingcan, Xie Ning, Wang Chengmin, et al.Reliability planning of distribution power network considering the characteristics of short-term peak load[J]. Power System Technology, 2015, 39(3): 757-762.
[32] 石立宝, 简洲. 基于动态攻防博弈的电力信息物理融合系统脆弱性评估[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2016, 40(17): 99-105.
Shi Libao, Jian Zhou.Vulnerability assessment of cyber physical power system based on dynamic attack-defense game model[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(17): 99-105.
[33] 孔维旭. 考虑负荷重要度的配电网节点脆弱性分析[J]. 电工电气, 2021(3): 8-12, 19.
Kong Weixu.Vulnerability analysis of distribution network nodes considering load importance[J]. Electrotechnics Electric, 2021(3): 8-12, 19.
[34] 黄常. 基于网络拓扑分析的城市供水管网脆弱性评估研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2019.