电压源型变流器并网系统多时间尺度间相互作用

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.221496

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摘要电压源型变流器（VSC）的控制环节及其与网络间的相互作用是造成VSC并网系统失稳的重要因素。而VSC的控制具有多时间尺度特征,具体可划分为直流电压控制（DVC）时间尺度和交流电流控制（ACC）时间尺度。现有文献大多仅针对单一时间尺度的稳定性问题开展研究,对于多时间尺度环节间的相互作用则鲜有涉及。对此,该文基于模式分析方法,提出衡量多时间尺度间相互作用的量化指标,揭示多时间尺度间相互作用随锁相环带宽和系统短路比的变化规律。进而通过对比不同时间尺度模型的阻尼比和振荡频率,明确多时间尺度间相互作用对系统稳定性分析结果的影响。最后探讨DVC、ACC时间尺度模型的适用范围,并从物理角度对分析结果进行初步阐释。

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关键词 ：电压源型变流器, 多时间尺度, 直流电压控制(DVC)时间尺度, 交流电流控制(ACC)时间尺度, 相互作用, 模式分析

Abstract：The voltage source converter's (VSC) control system and its interactions with the network are important factors that cause the instability of the grid-tied VSC. The control of VSC has a multiple timescale feature, which can be divided into DC-link voltage control (DVC) timescale and alternating current control (ACC) timescale. Most of the existing research only focuses on the stability in a single timescale, and rarely deals with the interaction between multiple timescales. In this regard, this paper investigates the quantitative indicators and influencing factors of the interaction between different timescales of the grid-tied VSC using the modal analysis method. At the same time, the applicable scope of the models in DVC and ACC timescales is clarified, and the analysis results are preliminarily explained from a physical point of view.
First, this paper briefly introduces the topology and control scheme of the grid-tied VSC and illustrates its multiple timescale dynamic characteristics. Next, the small-signal models of the grid-tied VSC in multiple timescales, DVC timescale, and ACC timescale are constructed. The accuracy of the above models is verified by the electromagnetic transient simulation and eigenvalue analysis. The participation factors for state variables and modes in different timescales are used in this work, which is based on the modal analysis method, to measure the relative strength of the interaction between different timescales. On this basis, the variation law of the interaction between different timescales with the bandwidth of the phase-locked loop (PLL) and the short circuit ratio (SCR) is analyzed. By comparing the eigenvalue damping ratios and oscillation frequencies of the grid-tied VSC models in multiple timescales, DVC timescale, and ACC timescale, this paper shows that the interaction between multiple timescales has an impact on the system stability analysis results. Then, the deviations of eigenvalue damping ratios and oscillation frequencies of the models in DVC or ACC timescale are analyzed when the PLL bandwidth and SCR vary. The applicable scope of the above models in a single timescale is clarified. And the theoretical analysis results are verified by electromagnetic transient simulation. Finally, the effects of the interaction between multiple timescales are initially explained from the physical level.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows. 1) The participation factors for state variables and modes in different timescales are defined as the different-scale participation factors, and it is pointed out that the different-scale participation factors can be used as a quantitative index to measure the interaction between multiple timescales. 2) When the PLL bandwidth increases or SCR decreases, the different-scale participation factors increase, which indicates that the interaction between multiple timescales is enhanced. 3) The influence of the interaction between multiple timescales on the analysis results of system stability is studied, and the applicable scope of the models in DVC and ACC timescales is proposed. The increase of PLL bandwidth or the decrease of SCR will lead to the enhancement of the interaction between multiple timescales, thus increasing the deviation of the eigenvalue analysis results of the models in a single timescale. 4) From the perspective of the parts in DVC timescale, the inner control loops are equivalent to the damping links. Therefore, the eigenvalue analysis results of the model in DVC timescale are lower in damping ratio and higher in oscillation frequency than those in the multiple timescale model. From the perspective of the parts in ACC timescale, the outer control loops are equivalent to the excitation, so the eigenvalue oscillation frequency obtained by the model in ACC timescale is much lower.

Key words： Voltage source converter multiple timescales DC-link voltage control (DVC) timescale alternating current control (ACC) timescale interaction modal analysis

收稿日期: 2022-08-02

PACS:

TM712

基金资助:国家电网有限公司科技资助项目（5214DK210010）

通讯作者: 朱建行男,1992年生,博士,博士后,研究方向为大规模新能源发电系统、高压直流输电系统电磁动态稳定分析与控制。E-mail：jh_zhu@hust.edu.cn

作者简介: 杜步阳男,1998年生,博士研究生,研究方向为新能源发电、高压直流输电系统建模及其稳定性分析。E-mail：buyang_du@hust.edu.cn

引用本文:

杜步阳, 邵德军, 朱建行, 石梦璇, 徐友平. 电压源型变流器并网系统多时间尺度间相互作用[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 68-68. Du Buyang, Shao Dejun, Zhu Jianhang, Shi Mengxuan, Xu Youping. Research on the Interaction Between Multiple Timescales of the Grid-Tied Voltage Source Converter. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 68-68.

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