长间隙小电流空气电弧动态特性

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摘要单相接地故障引起的配电网短路电弧和输电网潜供电弧在大气中自由燃炽, 电弧的非线性使电弧试验和建模都存在较大的难度。本文对这种长间隙小电流空气电弧的物理特性进行了测试和分析, 测量了容性和感性回路产生小电流电弧的电压和电流波形, 并拍摄了电弧发展的动态图像, 以此分析了电弧特性的时变特征。结合电弧理论和物理学说, 详细阐明了电弧电压和电流波形的产生机理及发展轨迹, 并给出了电弧的弧道电阻和动态伏安曲线, 揭示了电弧各物理参量之间的关系和变化趋势。最后提出了电弧自熄判据, 并以此计算了燃弧时间, 与实测时间基本吻合。结果表明, 长间隙小电流空气电弧特性研究的方法合理、结论可信, 对分析电弧自熄特性和建立科学的电弧模型具有参考价值。

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	颜湘莲
	陈维江
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关键词 ：长间隙小电流空气电弧, 电弧长度, 弧道电阻, 动态伏安特性, 电弧自熄判据

Abstract：The short-circuit arc in distribution network and secondary arc in transmission line caused by single-phase earthing fault burn in free air, so it is difficult to test and simulate the self-extinction behavior of air arc at low current in long gap for its serious non-linearity. The method is adopted to measure and analyze the physical characters of this arc by laboratory tests in the paper. The waveforms of voltage and current aere recorded in different circuits associated with arc at low current. And arcs’ developing films are taken by high-speed imaging system during arcing process. Based on test data, arcs’ physical characteristics are presented to obtain arc time-variable characters. The form mechanism and the transitional trace of arc waveforms such as voltage and current are discussed with arc theory and physics doctrine. Arc resistance and dynamic u-#em/em# curve are obtained to explore the dependency on arc parameters and their variable trend. Finally arc self-extinction criterion is proposed to compute arc durations under the different conditions, which are corresponded with test results. All the analysis has validated arc testing method and conclusions, providing the reference to investigating the self-extinction behavior and modeling for arc.

Key words： Air arc at low current in long gap arc length arc resistance dynamic u-i characteristics arc self-extinction criterion

收稿日期: 2008-08-28 出版日期: 2014-02-18

PACS:

TM853

引用本文:

颜湘莲, 陈维江, 王承玉. 长间隙小电流空气电弧动态特性[J]. 电工技术学报, 2009, 24(11): 165-171. Yan Xianglian, Chen Weijiang, Wang Chengyu. Dynamic Characters Research of Air Arc at Low Current in Long Gap. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2009, 24(11): 165-171.

链接本文:

http://dgjsxb.ces-transaction.com/CN/Y2009/V24/I11/165

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