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| Research on Anti-Icing Method for Fog Freezing and Field Test of Wires Based on Two-Way Shape Memory Effect of Memory Alloy |
| Zeng Wei1, Jiang Xingliang1, Yang Guolin1, Pan Bichen2, Zhang Zhijin1 |
1. Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station of Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China;
2. State Key Laboratory for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Power Transmission and Transformation Equipment Changsha 410000 China |
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Abstract Atmospheric icing of conductors poses a serious threat to the safe operation of power system. A large number of studies have been carried out to suppress conductor icing at home and abroad. The electric field has an impact on the conductor icing. When the electric field strength is large enough, the electric field can restrain the conductor icing. Based on the two-way shape memory effect that shape memory alloys maintain different shapes at different temperatures, this paper proposes an anti-icing method of wires without manual intervention. It arranges shape memory alloys on the surface of wires and use its deformation to change the electric field strength on the surface of wires to inhibit wire icing.
A three-dimensional model of the shape memory alloy wire was established, and the surface electric field was simulated and analyzed. The results show that the electric field strength of the wires’ surface gradually increases with the growth of the shape memory alloy deformation.
In order to test and verify this anti-icing method, the field natural icing experiment of LGJ-150/25 conductors was carried out at Xuefeng Mountain Energy Equipment Safety National Observation and Research Station of Chongqing University. With two ends bent upward, cylindrical aluminum bars arranged on conductors’ surface were used to replace the shape memory alloy. The icing tests under natural conditions are extremely difficult to control. Even if facing the same test subject, the change in temperature, wind speed, liquid water content, and the median diameter of water droplets will affect the test results. In order to reduce the influence of changes in the natural environment, this paper uses the rotational cylinder reference method.
Through five sets of valid experimental data, the conclusion is as follows: (1) The shape of wire icing with four cylindrical aluminum bars under different initial electric fields is different. When the initial electric field strength is low, the ice-covered branches have long branches and clear gaps. When the field strength increases, the cuspid ion bombardment effect is strengthened, the electric suction changes, icing tip is rounded. (2) Shape memory alloys arranged on the wires’ surface effectively suppress fog freezing. With the initial electric field strength of the wire increases, cylindrical aluminum bars promote the fog freezing, then inhibit. Its suppression trend on icing gradually decreases. (3) There is a best electric field strength interval. As the shape of the aluminum strip is certain, interval is only related to the initial electric field strength of wires’ surface. For length of one meter LGJ-150/25 conductor, in an initial electric field strength of 10 kV/cm, compared with no aluminum bars, the arrangement of four aluminum bars have a suppressed effect on fog freezing. Its quality and thickness of reduction percentage are 57.1%, 48.7% respectively.
Experiments have verified the effectiveness of the anti-icing method for fog freezing. Shape memory alloy with two-way shape memory effect can effectively inhibit the growth of wire icing by changing the electric field strength of the surface on the wire. It is a non-interventional anti-icing method for transmission lines, and proves patently feasible. Further research is needed on the material ratio, preparation method, and optimal size of the two-way shape memory alloy.
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Received: 12 January 2023
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2024, Vol. 39 
