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| All-Solid-State Bipolar Linear Transformer Drive-Type Pulse Current Generator for Inductive Loads |
| Xu Ning1,2, Mi Yan1, Li Zhengmin1, Zheng Wei1, Ma Chi1 |
1. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology Chongqing University Chongqing 400044 China;;
2. United Automotive Electronic Systems Co. Ltd Shanghai 201206 China |
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Abstract Among the cancer treatment methods based on pulsed power technology, the treatment method using bipolar pulsed magnetic field treatment has obvious advantages. For the way of generating a magnetic field through a current coil, the key is to develop a bipolar pulse current generator that can be used for inductive loads, which is the research goal of this paper. Marx, modular multilevel converter (MMC) and linear transformer drive (LTD) are commonly used pulse generator topologies, but the above individual topologies have obvious defects in the application background of this paper. Therefore, this paper pioneers the advantages of modular full-bridge multilevel converter (FB-MMC) topology with LTD topology to develop a bipolar pulse current generator. With the advantages of LTD topology, the generator can output a large pulse current, and the charging process of the energy storage capacitor does not require additional switching action, which can reduce the loss of switching; With the advantages of FB-MMC topology, the generator has flexible waveform modulation capabilities and forms a bipolar operating mode, which effectively avoids the problem of core saturation in LTD and is conducive to the high-frequency operation of the generator.
Firstly, the topological principle of the generator developed in this paper is introduced. When the generator works under inductive load, each stage of the generator has four working states: charging mode, discharge mode, freewheeling mode and energy recovery mode, of which the freewheeling mode is dispensable in the process of generator operation. By controlling the presence or absence of freewheeling mode, and then flexibly combining with the other two modes of different stage generators (discharge mode and energy recovery mode), the output waveform can be modulated. Secondly, the hardware circuit of the generator is designed and selected. First, determine the target parameters of the generator according to the experimental background, and then select the main switch and energy storage capacitor with reference to the parameters, and design the driving circuit and overvoltage protection circuit of the switch. In this paper, the Kelvin encapsulated IGBT is selected as the main switch, and the two IGBTs are considered for use in parallel. The drive circuit designed in this paper makes the parallel IGBT conduction speed fast and the shutdown speed slow, and ensures that the IGBT is in a negative voltage state when it is turned off. This reduces the overvoltage amplitude of the IGBT when turning off the inductive current to a certain extent, improves the reliability of the IGBT shutdown, and avoids misleading conditions. At the same time, a suitable discharge blocking RCD buffer circuit is designed to further protect the IGBT from overvoltage breakdown.
Finally, a prototype of a 4-stage all-solid-state bipolar LTD pulse current generator is developed and tested for performance. The test results show that the generator can output a pulse current of ±800 A under an inductive load with a rise time of 600 ns. The generator operates at a maximum frequency of 10 kHz and has flexible waveform modulation to output a variety of waveforms such as triangle waves, trapezoidal waves, and step waves.
In summary, the generator designed in this paper combines the advantages of FB-MMC and LTD pulse power topologies, has a compact and simple structure, and can flexibly adjust the circuit design, which can be applied to the medical experimental research of pulsed magnetic field for tumor treatment.
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Received: 07 May 2022
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2023, Vol. 38 
