考虑线路动态电热特性的交直流系统分布鲁棒潮流优化策略

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.231606

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摘要

为了充分发挥交直流线路耐热特性、提高系统在不确定运行环境下应对故障的调控能力,以含柔性直流输电技术（VSC-HVDC）的交直流系统为研究对象,提出一种考虑线路动态电热特性的分布鲁棒潮流优化策略。首先,根据热传导理论分别建立交流架空线路、直流电缆线路的动态电热模型,而后在校正控制中引入交、直流输电线路短期最高允许温度（SAOT）约束及校正期间最大热积累量来代替长期允许温度（LAOT）作为在校正期间的暂时安全约束,以达到充分利用线路的短期过载/耐热特性的目的;其次,将故障后的校正过程划分成两个子校正过程,通过最大化储能及VSC-HVDC的快速校正能力,弥补常规调控装置难以快速响应指令的缺陷,进一步,在基于KL（Kullback-Leibler）散度所构建的风荷概率分布模糊集上,通过在考虑风荷最恶劣概率分布的情况下进行潮流优化,改善传统鲁棒优化方法过于保守的问题;再次,在列和约束生成（C&CG）算法和Multi-cut Benders分解算法的基础上,提出一种融合物理知识的双循环分解算法,不仅能避免对非过载线路热平衡方程的线性化,同时还能避免多场景多故障协同求解;最后,在基于改进的IEEE 39测试系统中对所提模型及算法的有效性进行了验证。

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	曾子龙
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关键词 ： VSC-HVDC, 分布鲁棒, 线路耐热特性, 动态电热模型, 潮流优化

Abstract：

Due to the limits of the ramp constraints and response buffer time, the traditional corrective control provided by the thermal generator cannot finish in a short time, which may aggravate the damage caused by the contingency. Meanwhile, the predict error of power output in the off-shore wind farm at the hybrid AC/VSC-HVDC grids could reduce the accuracy of the corrective control even amplify the fault coverage, especially in the response buffer time of traditional corrective resource. In addition, for the limits of power flow in AC/DC lines, the static maximum line rating(SMLR) is normally used. But the SMLR not only ignores the actual environmental condition but also has difficulty in exerting the short-term overheat characteristic that could temporarily boosts the transmission capacity. To address these issues, this paper proposes a distributionally robust power flow optimization strategy considering dynamic electro-thermal properties of lines for hybrid AC/DC grids with VSC-HVDC. By considering the dynamic electro-thermal properties of lines and the joint utilization of VSC-HVDC and battery storage system (BSS), the proposed distributionally robust strategy could improve the quickly handing ability for N-1 contingency.
Firstly, the dynamic electro-thermal models of AC overhead line and DC cable line are respectively established, according to the theory of heat conduction. Then, the short-term maximum allowable temperature and the maximum thermal accumulation are introduced into the correction control to replace the long-term allowable temperature as the temporary security constraint for lines during correction period, so as to make full use of the short-term overload capacity of lines. Secondly, in order to make-up the slow respond speed of traditional control resources, the corrective control after a contingency is divided into the primary and secondary corrective action, which realize the joint utilization of traditional control resources and convert fast control provided by VSC-HVDC and BSS. Furthermore, based on the Kullback-Leibler divergence, the fuzzy set of the probability distribution of wind power and load demand is built. And then, by searching the worst probability in the built fuzzy set, the conservative of power flow optimization is improved when comparing with the traditional robust optimization. In addition, based on the Column-and-constraint generation (C&CG) algorithm and Multi-cut Benders decomposition algorithm, a double-cycle decomposition algorithm including the physical characteristic is developed, which avoids the unnecessary linearization for the heat balance equation of lines and the multi-scenario and multi-fault simultaneous solving process.
The numerical results show that the coordinated optimization of BSS and VSC is better for reducing the load shedding for keeping the security of the system after a contingency. Meanwhile, when the short-term maximum allowable temperature and the maximum thermal accumulation are regarded as the temporary security constraint for AC/DC transmission lines, the operation cost and the load shedding could be further reduced. In addition, the utilization of distributionally robust strategy increases the operation cost of the scheduling instruction due to the consideration of the worst probability for random factors, the robustness of scheduling instruction is similarly increased. Furthermore, compared with other algorithms, a double-cycle decomposition algorithm including the physical characteristic has several times faster computational speed while ensures the average error below 0.1%.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the study: (1) Compared with the limits of SMLR for AC/DC lines, the proposed temporary security constraint considering the short-term maximum allowable temperature and the maximum thermal accumulation can make full use of the short-term overload capacity. (2) The distributionally robust security power flow optimization strategy included the convert fast control provided by VSC and BSS could improve the robustness of the scheduling instruction considering the N-1 contingency. (3) This proposed double-cycle decomposition algorithm including the physical characteristic has high solving efficiency under the premise of the high precision.

Key words： VSC-HVDC distributionally robust short-term over-heart capacity dynamic electro-thermal properties power flow optimization

收稿日期: 2023-10-06

PACS:

TM614

基金资助:

国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作重点项目（2022YFE0129300）、国家自然科学基金联合基金重点支持项目（U22B200134）和国家电网公司科技项目（5216A223000J）资助

通讯作者: 李勇男,1982年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为能源/电力系统优化运行与控制、电能变换系统与装备方面等。E-mail：yongli@hnu.edu.cn

作者简介: 曾子龙男,1993年生,博士研究生,研究方向为交直流系统规划与运行。E-mail：zengzilong@hnu.edu.cn

引用本文:

曾子龙, 李勇, 丁心志, 曹一家, 钟俊杰. 考虑线路动态电热特性的交直流系统分布鲁棒潮流优化策略[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 231606-. Zeng Zilong, Li Yong, Ding Xinzhi, Cao Yijia, Zhong Junjie. Distributionally Robust Power Flow Optimization Strategy for Hybrid AC/DC Grids Considering Dynamic Electro-Thermal Properties of Lines. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 231606-.

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