多簧片结构的磁保持继电器多物理场刚柔耦合仿真模型建立和实验分析

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230381

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摘要

多簧片结构的磁保持继电器衔铁转动引起的触点碰撞、弹跳现象使运动过程复杂,静、动态特性理论分析和仿真模型建立困难。以某型号多簧片结构的磁保持继电器为研究对象,理论分析结构拓扑及工作机理,考虑触点间切入深度,引入狄拉克函数和赫维赛德函数,解决簧片受力分散及触点由于碰撞、弹跳引起的作用力不连续问题;将簧片等效为悬臂梁,基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论建立触簧系统三簧片分段耦合动力学模型。利用ANSYS Maxwell引入基于误差的自适应网格划分方法求解电磁机构静态特性;考虑触簧系统簧片运动变形效应,通过ADAMS基于模态理论,构建刚柔耦合动力学仿真模型。基于分段动力学思想,搭建电-磁-机械运动多物理场刚柔耦合仿真模型。利用高速摄像机、电流探头等设计磁保持继电器实验方案,搭建实验平台,测试并分析磁保持继电器触点吸合运动时间、触点压力、弹跳时间、线圈电流,并分析人工装配簧片引起触点压力不同使继电器动作过程存在的不一致性问题,验证本文所提多簧片结构的磁保持继电器特性分段耦合分析方法和多物理场刚柔耦合仿真模型的有效性。

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	赵靖英
	李宁
	张雪辉
	赵正元

关键词 ：磁保持继电器, 多簧片结构, 碰撞弹跳, 分段耦合动力学模型, 多物理场刚柔耦合

Abstract：

There is a sophisticated structure and weak consistency between components for the magnetic latching relay. With the poor coordination between various parameters, arc erosion and serious contact wear are caused by the increase in bounce frequency of armature and iron core, as well as dynamic and static contacts. In severe cases, the significant changes occur in static and dynamic characteristic parameters such as pick-up time, pick-up voltage, and contact pressure as a result of contact welding adhesion. To meet the high reliability requirements of magnetic retention relays in railway, aerospace and other scenarios, theoretical analysis methods and theoretical simulation models for static and dynamic characteristics were established and the changes in static and dynamic characteristics were analyzed.
In order to improve the accuracy of static and dynamic simulation models for the magnetic latching relay, a multiphysics rigid flexible coupling simulation model is structured. A magnetic latching relay for research object was chosen. To begin with, the structure topology and operation mechanisms of the relay were analyzed theoretically. The penetration depth between contacts was considered, and the Dirac delta function and the Heaviside function were introduced to solve the problems of force dispersion and discontinuity of reed between contacts due to collision and bounce. The reeds were equivalent to the cantilever beam, and a triple reed piecewise coupling dynamic model of the relay contact reed system was established based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. What's more, the error-based adaptive mesh generation method was introduced to solve the static characteristics of the electromagnetic mechanism in ANSYS Maxwell. Considering the deformation effect of reed movement in the contact reed system, the rigid flexible coupling dynamic simulation model of relay was developed based on modal theory in ADAMS. Finally, the rigid flexible coupling simulation model for the multiphysics of electro-magnetic-mechanical motion was structured based on the idea of piecewise dynamics.
It is the experimental scheme for magnetic latching relay that was devised based on a high-speed cameras and current probe. There was an experimental platform established to analyze the contact pick-up motion time, contact pressure, bounce time, the coil current so as to verify the effectiveness of the piecewise analysis method of performance and the multiphysics rigid flexible coupling simulation model for the magnetic latching relay with multi-reed structure proposed. The inconsistency problem caused by different contact pressures caused under manual assembly of reeds was analyzed in the relay operation process.
The simulation results of magnetic latching contact pick-up motion time, contact displacement-time relationship, contact pressure, bounce time and the coil current were basically consistent with the experimental results. The following specific results have been achieved.
(1) Based on the Euler Bernoulli beam theory, the reeds of magnetic latching relay were equivalent to the cantilever beam. The causes of sudden changes in the dynamic characteristics of reeds were analyzed. Considering the penetration depth between contacts, the Dirac delta function and the Heaviside function were introduced to establish a triple reed piecewise coupling dynamic model. The problems of force dispersion and discontinuity of reed between contacts due to collision and bounce were solved.
(2) The static characteristic was solved by the error-based adaptive mesh generation method in ANSYS Maxwell. Based on modal theory, the rigid flexible coupling of dynamic simulation model of magnetic latching relay reeds was studied and the requirement was satisfied for dynamic characteristic simulation calculation. Based on a triple reed iecewise coupling dynamic model and the idea of piecewise dynamics, the problem that the armature cannot be in steady state at the initial moment of the dynamic simulation model was overcame.
(3) A motion experimental platform based on high-speed cameras was designed. An experimental scheme for the dynamic current of the coil and contact movement of magnetic latching relay were proposed. The results show the experiment and simulation errors of force-deformation relationship are around 3% for the common middle contact reed and the reinforce middle contact reed. The maximum experiment and simulation errors of the contact pick-up motion time, contact pressure, bounce time and the coil dynamic current are 7.93%、7.91%、8.47%、7.25%.

Key words： magnetic latching relay multi-reed structure collision bounce piecewise coupling dynamic model rigid flexible coupling multiphysics

PACS:

TM572

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金（51777057）和河北省自然科学基金（E2021202136）

通讯作者: 赵靖英女,1974年生,教授,硕士生导师,研究方向为电工装备可靠性理论及应用、智能电网、无线传能。E-mail：zhaojy931@hebut.edu.cn

作者简介: 李宁男,1999年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为电工装备可靠性理论及应用。E-mail：422091990@qq.com

引用本文:

赵靖英, 李宁, 张雪辉, 赵正元. 多簧片结构的磁保持继电器多物理场刚柔耦合仿真模型建立和实验分析[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 239615-239615. Zhao Jingying, Li Ning, Zhang Xuehui, Zhao Zhengyuan. Establishment and Experimental Analysis of Rigid Flexible Coupling Simulation Model for Multiphysics of Magnetic Latching Relay with Multi-Reed Structure. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 239615-239615.

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