基于模态分析的双定子电励磁场调制电机弹性模量调整方法研究

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.230052

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摘要

准确获得电机结构的模态分析结果是研究电磁噪声的前提条件。本文以一台双定子电励磁场调制电机为研究对象,首先利用有限元软件对影响其模态分析的弹性模量展开研究,探索弹性模量变化对各阶固有频率的相对影响率大小,找到外定子、电枢绕组、机壳和端盖的弹性模量变化对模态分析结果的影响规律,由此明确参数调整的方向性。之后,采用锤击法进行模态实验,并获得外定子、外定子组件以及整机模态实验结果与仿真结果二者误差的大小。最后,根据二者误差大小及参数调整的方向性,选择合适的弹性模量调整值将其误差均调整到4%以内,从而得到精确的模态仿真结果,进而有利于后续该电机电磁噪声的分析。

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关键词 ：双定子电励磁场调制电机, 有限元模态分析, 弹性模量调整规律, 模态实验

Abstract：

Modal analysis is an important part of motor vibration and noise analysis. To accurately obtain the results of motor modal analysis, it is necessary to assign corresponding elastic modulus parameters to the stator, armature winding, casing,end cover and other structures. When the structural material is determined, its elastic modulus is also determined. However, both analytical and finite element calculations are based on ideal conditions, and there is often a significant error between the calculated results and the actual results based on the determined elastic modulus. For a finite element model, it is generally necessary to adjust anisotropic parameters such as the stator core and winding. However, considering that the structure of the entire machine model such as the casing and end cover has a significant impact on the stator modal, as well as adopting ideal assembly methods and contact conditions, it is still necessary to adjust its elastic modulus parameters.
At this stage, the determination of the elastic modulus of the motor structure is mostly through modal experiments to adjust the parameters of the simulation results, so that their errors converge to a reasonable error range. Although this method can obtain stator modal analysis results with high accuracy, the influence of parameter adjustment on each order of natural frequencies is not linear. If its directionality cannot be clearly pointed out, it will make it difficult to adjust the parameters of the stator assembly and the entire machine, and it is difficult to adjust the errors of each order to meet the required error range.In order to solve the above problems, a double-stator electric-excitation field-modulated machine is taken as the research object. First, the initial values of the material parameters of each structure are determined, and the elastic modulus that affects its modal analysis is studied using finite element software. The relative influence rate of the elastic modulus changes of the outer stator, armature winding, casing, and end cover on each order of natural frequency is observed. According to the value relationship between elastic modulus, three adjustment methods can be determined for the outer stator, four adjustment methods can be determined for the armature winding, and only one adjustment method can be determined for the casing and end cover, thereby clarifying the directionality of elastic modulus adjustment for each structure. After that, the hammer method was used to conduct modal experiments on the outer stator, the outer stator assembly, and the entire machine, and the magnitude of the error between the modal experimental results and the simulation results was obtained. Finally, adjust the elastic modulus of the outer stator, armature winding, casing, and end cap in turn based on the magnitude of the error and the directionality of the elastic modulus adjustment, so that the error is adjusted to be within 4%.
Due to the entire machine has large number of structures, it is necessary to reasonably equivalent the motor structure before adjusting the elastic modulus. Through research, it is found that the adjustment of the elastic modulus of the outer stator, casing, and equivalent end cover has a similar effect on the natural frequencies of each order of the entire machine, with the effect on the 2nd and 3rd order being significantly greater than the 4th order, while the armature winding has the opposite effect.Therefore, according to the error between the finite element modal analysis results and the experimental results obtained when setting the initial value of the elastic modulus of the entire machine,Select the elastic modulus adjustment values of the outer stator and armature windings determined through the aforementioned modal experiments, and directly adjust the elastic modulus of the casing and end cover to achieve the goal of reducing errors. The results show that the error of the finite element modal analysis results of the entire machine is within 4%, which proves that the proposed elastic modulus adjustment method can obtain more accurate modal analysis results of the entire machine, which is conducive to the electromagnetic noise prediction and analysis of the motor.

Key words： Double-stator electric-excitation field-modulated machine finite element modal analysis adjustment rule of elastic modulus modal experiment

PACS:

TM356

基金资助:

国家自然科学基金项目（52130706）

通讯作者: 王玉彬男,1974年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为特种电机设计及其控制。E-mail: wangyubin@upc.edu.cn

作者简介: 宋春同男,1997年生,硕士研究生,研究方向为特种电机的电磁噪声分析。E-mail: songchuntong2021@163.com

引用本文:

宋春同, 王玉彬. 基于模态分析的双定子电励磁场调制电机弹性模量调整方法研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 20235411-20235411. Song Chuntong, Wang Yubin. Research on the Elastic Modulus Adjustment Method of Double-Stator Electric-Excitation Field-Modulated Machine Based on Modal Analysis. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 20235411-20235411.

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