电容耦合型部分容量中压柔性潮流转供装置及控制方法

doi:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.260368

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摘要

为了克服传统全容量柔性潮流转供装置成本高、损耗大、依赖隔离变压器等局限,本文提出了一种电容器组与三桥臂功率模块直接耦合的部分容量潮流转供装置。其电容器组主要承担交流承压作用,三桥臂模块并联端口与电容串联实现模块直流稳压,串联端口接入交流电网间实现潮流调节,通过动态调节投入电容器组数,实现并联支路电流优化,并通过三桥臂模块有源阻尼控制,克服电容器组与感性线路阻抗作用导致的谐振风险。此外,为应对部分容量潮流转供装置在复杂内、外部故障下产生的过电压问题,提出了一种由预充电二极管整流桥与双向晶闸管并联构成的故障限流电路,实现了电网故障或电容器短路等场景下的快速限流。本文还分析了双侧电网幅值相位差和线路阻抗变化等场景下的转供装置特性的变化,并开展了与传统方案的综合比较。最后,通过RTLAB半实物实时仿真验证了所提装置和控制方法的正确性。

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关键词 ：统一潮流控制器, 三桥臂模块, 投切电容器组, 谐振抑制, 故障限流

Abstract：

Flexible interconnection devices (FIDs) based on power electronic equipment enable power flow transfer between different grid partitions, thereby achieving load balancing and promoting renewable energy integration. Medium-voltage FIDs can generally be classified into full-capacity and partial-capacity types. Full-capacity FIDs are commonly implemented using back-to-back voltage source converters (VSCs), which provide four-quadrant active and reactive power flow regulation with a wide range. However, the reliance on isolation transformers results in disadvantages such as large physical size, high cost, and considerable operational losses.
To overcome the limitations of conventional full-capacity flexible power flow transfer devices, including high cost, significant losses, and dependence on isolation transformers, this paper proposes a partial-capacity power flow transfer device directly coupled with capacitor banks and a three-leg power module. In the proposed topology, the capacitor banks mainly withstand the AC voltage stress, while the parallel port of the three-leg module is connected in series with the capacitors to stabilize the DC voltage of the module. The series port is connected between AC grids to regulate power flow transmission. By dynamically adjusting the number of capacitor banks engaged in operation, the current distribution among parallel branches can be optimized. In addition, active damping control based on the three-leg module is introduced to suppress resonance risks caused by the interaction between the capacitor banks and the inductive line impedance.
Furthermore, to address overvoltage issues that may arise in partial-capacity power flow transfer devices under complex internal and external fault conditions, a fault current limiting circuit composed of a pre-charging diode rectifier bridge paralleled with bidirectional thyristors is proposed. The circuit enables rapid current limiting under scenarios such as grid faults and capacitor short circuits. This paper also investigates the operating characteristics of the proposed device under different grid voltage magnitude and phase differences, as well as variations in line impedance, and performs a comprehensive comparison with conventional solutions. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed topology and control strategy is verified through RT-LAB hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulations.
Through theoretical analysis and experimental validation, the following conclusions summarized as follows:
(1) The proposed topology features a compact structure, low cost, and a reduced number of switching devices. Through the flexible coordination between the voltage-supporting capacitor banks and the active three-leg circuit, together with the proposed control strategy, the device achieves further improvements in both cost effectiveness and efficiency compared with conventional unified power flow controllers (UPFCs).
(2) The proposed fault current limiting circuit based on a diode pre-charging rectifier bridge enables rapid suppression of fault currents under both internal and external fault conditions. Compared with conventional solutions such as current-limiting reactors, the proposed method provides advantages including higher current limiting capability, lower cost, and smaller equivalent impedance.
(3) By means of the flexible control capability of the three-leg circuit, the proposed strategy not only achieves fast and accurate power flow regulation, but also actively suppresses resonance risks caused by the complex coupling between the voltage-supporting capacitor banks and the inductive line impedance.

Key words： UPFC three-arm module thyristor switched capacitor resonance suppression fault current limiting

收稿日期: 2026-03-12

PACS:

TM46

基金资助:

山西省科技重大专项计划“揭榜挂帅”资助项目（202401060301012）

通讯作者: 何晋伟男,1983年生,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为微电网和分布式发电,新能源并网装备与控制,电能质量等。E-mail：jinwei.he@tju.edu.cn

作者简介: 王程锦男,2000年生,博士研究生,研究方向为配电网电能质量控制技术,微电网电能变换技术。E-mail：chengjin_wang@tju.edu.cn

引用本文:

王程锦, 何晋伟, 杨洪磊, 朱世昌, 李晓. 电容耦合型部分容量中压柔性潮流转供装置及控制方法[J]. 电工技术学报, 0, (): 368-. Wang Chengjin, He Jinwei, Yang Honglei, Zhu Shichang, Li Xiao. Capacitive Coupling Partial Capacity Medium-Voltage Flexible Power Flow Transfer Device and Control Method. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 0, (): 368-.

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